Challenges of Artificial Intelligence in Violating Human Rights and Possible Solutions with Emphasis on the International Convention on Artificial Intelligence

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) and human rights are among the topics that play an increasingly significant role in contemporary human life. Alongside all its advantages, AI also poses risks to human rights. Accordingly, the present article aims to examine the challenges of AI in violating human rights and possible solutions, with emphasis on the International Convention on Artificial Intelligence. This article adopts a descriptive-analytical approach. The findings indicate that AI can lead to violations of rights such as privacy. With the advancement of AI, vast amounts of individuals’ data are collected and analyzed, which may result in breaches of the right to privacy. Moreover, AI and algorithms can, in certain cases, produce discriminatory outcomes based on gender, race, ethnicity, or other personal characteristics. Challenges posed by AI to freedom of expression, labor rights, accountability and responsibility, and the rule of law are other manifestations of AI-related threats to human rights. Legislative measures in the field of AI, transparency regarding the methods and algorithms used, enhancement of personal privacy and freedoms protection, and the necessity of drafting specific international regulations on AI are among the most important solutions to address AI-related human rights violations. In this regard, the International Convention on Artificial Intelligence effectively serves as a complementary framework to existing international standards on human rights, democracy, and the rule of law, aiming to fill any legal gaps that may arise from the rapid technological advancements driven by AI.