Jul 2026· 2026 5th International Conference on Distributed Computing and Electrical Circuits and Electronics (ICDCECE)· pp. 1-7· 0 citations· 23 references
Abstract
Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications in smart manufacturing generate dynamic and latency-sensitive workloads that challenge conventional fog-cloud resource allocation methods. To address this problem, this paper proposes SDRA-IIoT, a predictive and multi-objective orchestration framework for smart manufacturing applications deployed across IIoT, fog, and cloud layers. The framework integrates surrogate workload estimation, MOPSO-based placement optimization, security-aware filtering, QoS-aware validation, and adaptive load balancing within a unified runtime allocation process. SDRA-IIoT is implemented in iFogSim and evaluated against Hybrid Fuzzy-DQN and IoT DRL Offloading under a common simulation setting using repeated-run analysis over five random seeds. Experimental results show that SDRA-IIoT achieves the best overall service-level performance, reducing makespan to $164.43 \pm 13.99 \mathrm{~ms}$, lowering average response latency to $334.18 \pm 160.87 \mathrm{~ms}$, improving resource utilization efficiency to $89.02 \pm 0.55 \%$, and decreasing the deadline miss rate to 8.35±4.02%. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of predictive and multi-objective fog-cloud orchestration for industrial resource management.
A lightweight, QoS-aware service placement algorithm that evaluates latency, bandwidth, and node load in real time is introduced that yields reduced latency and more consistent wait times relative to heuristic and genetic baselines.
Anshul Atre, K. Singh, B. Chaurasia et al.· Journal of Circuits, Systems...· 0 citations
The Internet of Things (IoT) has grown rapidly in recent years, enabling the interconnection of a large number of heterogeneous and distributed devices. This number is expected to exceed 70 billion according to Statista. With this massive scale, fulfilling complex IoT applications that require combinations of multiple objects remains a real challenge. Moreover, several Quality of Service (QoS) requirements must be satisfied, making the problem of selecting appropriate IoT services NP-hard. In such environments, task offloading is a key mechanism to efficiently distribute computational workloads across edge, fog, and cloud resources. However, selecting the optimal offloading decision remains a difficult NP-hard problem due to system heterogeneity and conflicting objectives. In this paper, we propose a GNN-DQN-based approach for task offloading in edge–fog–cloud environments. Unlike prior GNN-DQN approaches limited to single- or dual-tier architectures, our framework explicitly models heterogeneous node types and inter-tier communication links, enabling more balanced and scalable resource allocation. Experimental results show that GNN-DQN achieves a mean latency of 2.64 s, representing improvements of 70.2% over Random, 7.8% over DQN-only, and 3.5% over Greedy. A GNN-A2C baseline is also included to broaden the comparison with a modern DRL method. Despite sharing the same GNN encoder, it underperforms GNN-DQN across all metrics, confirming the superiority of the DQN learning backbone. These results highlight the effectiveness of integrating graph-based representation with reinforcement learning, while also revealing a trade-off between latency optimization and energy efficiency.
Sirine Hakim, Sonia Yassa· International Conference on...· 0 citations
The Energy-Aware Hierarchical Green Fog framework is presented, which introduces a unified reinforcement learning (RL) orchestration layer that explicitly incorporates residual energy, renewable energy availability, spatial proximity, and task deadlines into hierarchical fog-cloud decision-making.
M. Harandi, Afshin Yaghoobi· Scientific Reports· 0 citations
The paper argues for a shift from proof of concept scheduling studies toward reproducible, transparent, and deployable fog systems, and identifies several priorities for future work: standardized benchmark workloads, cloud native scheduling that accounts for container lifecycle and microservice dependencies, resilience aware scheduling that treats failures and migration as first class concerns, and carbon aware orchestration that extends beyond energy minimization.
Albahlool M Abood· Asian Journal of Research in...· 0 citations
The rapid expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) devices requires middleware capable of handling heterogeneous traffic while satisfying strict Quality of Service (QoS) targets. ITU-T Recommendation Y.1541 defines well-established performance thresholds for IP networks; however, baseline oneM2M deployments frequently fail to meet these targets under mixed workloads. This paper evaluates the open-source OM2M platform against ITU-T Y.1541 using eight QoS metrics spanning application and network layers, making the compliance gap explicit and quantifiable. Under the default configuration, the platform achieved only 20% overall compliance. To close this gap, an autonomic control architecture based on the Monitor-Analyze-Plan-Execute with Knowledge (MAPE-K) loop is integrated with a Random Forest (RF) classifier that predicts four discrete QoS operational states with 91.9% accuracy. The optimized configuration improves ITU-T compliance from 20% to 60%, achieving latency reductions of 53 to 71%, jitter mitigation of 93 to 97%, and transaction failure rate decreases of 36 to 64%, all measured during steady-state operation. The paper identifies the mechanisms responsible for the remaining non-compliant metrics and proposes a cross-layer roadmap for achieving full ITU-T compliance.
Jamal Et-Tousy, A. Zyane· EPJ Web of Conferences· 0 citations
The current invention outlines a Java-driven framework for efficient resource management in cloud data centres using the CloudSim simulation environment. The framework presents a predictive auto-scaling mechanism that examines historical traffic patterns to forecast future workload requirements, allowing for predictive Virtual Machine (VM) al- location rather than traditional fixed threshold-based techniques. Prior to VM migration, the system assesses a Service Level Agreement (SLA) risk factor to avoid performance degradation and potential SLA violations through intelligent power management. A specific Green Scheduler Algorithm dynamically consolidates Virtual Machines by allocating workloads to optimally loaded physical machines based on fore- casted workload conditions. Machines with low utilization are automatically migrated across different power-saving states, such as idle, sleep, and deep sleep modes. This comprehensive framework strikes a balance between energy savings and the preservation of service reliability and Quality of Service (QoS). Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of energy savings, improved resource utilization, and SLA compliance, making it suitable for scalable and ecofriendly cloud resource management.
S. Divya, P. Venkadesh, G. Vasunthraa et al.· International Conference on...· 0 citations