Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important vegetable crop valued for its nutritional quality, wide adaptability and economic significance. The present study was conducted to evaluate genetic variability, character association and genetic diversity among tomato accessions for yield and its contributing traits. The experiment was carried out during the spring-summer season of 2020 and 2021 at the experimental field of horticulture, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University. A total of 26 tomato accessions, comprising 6 repatriated genotypes and 20 hybrids developed through a full diallel mating design, were evaluated in a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications and 15 quantitative and quality-related characters. Significant variation was found among the different germplasms for all characters. Yield and yield contributing characters showed high heritability along with genetic gain, indicating major role of these characters in expression of these characters. Yield per plant exhibited a strong and positive relationship with number of fruits per plant, fruit width, fruit length and mean fruit weight. Path coefficient analysis indicated that the number of fruits per plant and reducing sugar content exerted the highest positive direct influence on yield. Principal component analysis explained 81.70 % of the total variation through five components. Cluster analysis grouped accessions into two major clusters irrespective of geographic origin, indicating wide genetic diversity. Accessions T10 and F1022 were identified as the most divergent and may serve as promising parents for yield improvement in tomato breeding programs.
The study focused on evaluating 48 different tomato genotypes for 13 morphological traits to estimate the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance at the Horticulture Research Centre of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology in Meerut, following randomized complete block design with three replications during two consecutive Rabi seasons (October 2022 and April 2024). The results of analysis of variance revealed that for all quantitative features included for both the season, analysis of variance indicated highly significant variations among genotypes. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 4.92% to 16.42% and 4.23%to12.93% respectively. Higher PCV compared to GCV observed for all traits revealed that the influence of environment on traits. High heritability estimates obtained for day to first fruit set, days to first fruit maturity, plant height, days to first fruit harvesting, days taken germination, number of fruits per plant, fruit yield(t/ha), fruit length, fruit yield (kg/plant), fruit yield (kg/plot), High Genetic Advance for number of primary branch, plant height, fruit length, days to first fruit set. High heritability coupled with High Genetic Advance Observed for day to first fruit set, plant height, days to first fruit set, fruit length. As yield is the most important dependent trait, day to first fruit set, plant height, days to first fruit set, fruit length can be selected as selection parameters for further crop improvement programs.
Genetic variability generated through segregation provides an effective opportunity to identify superior recombinants for tomato improvement. The present investigation was conducted using the F₂ population derived from the cross IIHR-2761 × IIHR-2725. The experiment was conducted during Rabi 2025 at the Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. A total of 175 F₂ plants were evaluated for ten quantitative traits associated with growth and yield. Moderate to high variability was observed for most of the traits studied. High PCV was recorded for number of fruits per cluster (22.99%), number of fruits per plant (25.17%) and fruit yield per plant (27.09%), whereas moderate GCV was observed for number of branches per plant (12.69%), number of clusters per plant (12.62%) and fruit yield per plant (19.91%). High broad-sense heritability was observed for plant height (98.39%), days to maturity (93.04%), number of branches per plant (79.49%) and number of clusters per plant (68.45%), while high genetic advance as per cent of the mean was recorded for fruit yield per plant (30.15%), number of branches per plant (23.31%) and number of clusters per plant (21.50%), indicating favourable prospects for selection. Frequency-distribution analysis revealed both positive and negative skewness among the studied traits, suggesting differential gene action governing their inheritance, whereas most traits exhibited platykurtic distributions, indicating polygenic control. Several superior transgressive segregants beyond the mean ±1 SD and mean ±2 SD thresholds were identified for yield and its associated traits, particularly number of fruits per cluster, number of fruits per plant and fruit yield per plant. The identified segregants provide valuable breeding material for developing high-yielding tomato cultivars through selection in advanced generations.
I. Jyoti, S. A. Desai, K. Narendra et al.· Journal of Advances in Biolo...· 0 citations
The present investigation evaluated fifteen Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) genotypes for seed yield and associated component traits during the Rabi season of 2025-26 at the Agricultural Research Farm, Prof. Rajendra Singh (Rajju Bhaiya) University, Naini, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in a Randomised Block Design with three replications. Eleven quantitative traits were recorded and analysed for variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation and path coefficient effects. Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among genotypes for most traits, indicating the presence of exploitable genetic variability. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for the number of siliquae per plant, number of siliquae per shoot and number of seeds per plant. Broad-sense heritability was highest for the number of siliquae per plant, number of siliquae per shoot and plant height at 90 DAS, and these traits also showed high genetic advance as a percentage of the mean. Seed yield per plot showed strong positive genotypic associations with the number of siliquae per shoot, number of seeds per siliqua and number of seeds per plant. Path coefficient analysis indicated that plant height at 90 DAS, number of siliquae per shoot and number of siliquae per plant were important contributors to seed yield at the genotypic level. The findings indicate that these traits may support selection for yield improvement in Indian mustard under the studied conditions.
Background: Pisum sativum L. is an important pulse crop with high nutritional content. However, its productivity is facing major challenge due to sodicity. So, the present investigation was carried out to identify the superior hybrids in field pea. Methods: Diallel design (excluding reciprocals) was done with ten parental lines to produce forty-five F1s and were tested for heterosis, combining ability and variability for yield and its related traits. Result: Analysis of variance revealed significant difference between parents and hybrids for all traits, with pod length showing higher significance in hybrids. The cross-Pant P 514 × HFP 1802 exhibited outstanding seed yield with positive and highly significant heterosis over better parent. SCA variance exceeded GCA variance for most of the traits, indicating non-additive gene action; HFP1424 and IPFD 21-5 were identified has a good general combiner, while several crosses showed high SCA effects. High GCV, PCV with high heritability and genetic advance suggest their importance for further programs breeding.
Aryan Raghuvanshi, Chinthalapalli Ajay Chandra, R. Hyndhavi et al.· Legume Research An Internati...· 0 citations
Sorghum (2n=2x=20) being the fifth most important cereal crop in the world with high adaptability and tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Understanding genetic variability and association studies aids in enhancing the fodder yield of sorghum and identifying promising genotypes. The experiment was conducted at Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, using a randomized block design with three replications. The assessment of genetic variability revealed significant differences among the studied genotypes for traits such as stem thickness, total soluble solids (TSS), and leaf area. These traits also demonstrated high heritability and genetic advance, indicating their potential for selection in crop improvement programs. Correlation and path coefficient analysis identified TSS, leaf length, and stem thickness as the most influential traits for green fodder yield. On the other hand, traits like leaf area and chlorophyll content had negative impacts on yield. Genetic divergence analysis grouped the genotypes into 12 clusters, with significant inter-cluster distances suggesting the potential for selecting diverse parents for breeding. Clusters VIII and X showed the highest inter-cluster distance, indicating significant genetic differentiation. The study highlights the presence of considerable genetic diversity, identifying SOR14520, and SOR14579 as the best genotypes for sorghum improvement. Selection for traits like TSS, stem thickness, and leaf area in these genotypes can significantly enhance green fodder yield.
Vaishnavi Banka, C. C.P., Reginah Pheirim et al.· Electronic Journal of Plant...· 0 citations
Background: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) classified as one of the greatest prominent pulse crops in India and contributes substantially to nutritional security through its high protein content. Genetic improvement of chickpea requires comprehensive knowledge on degree of the variability available within breeding materials and connection among different genotypes facilitates identification of promising parents and effective selection process. Keeping in view, the present study was done to examine the heritability, genetic variability, genetic divergence and trait associations among forty one chickpea genotypes in the agroclimatic circumstances of western Uttar Pradesh. Methods: The experiment was conducted on 41 genotypes of chickpea in research farm of Department of Genetic and Plant Breeding, CCS University Meerut (UP) India. Each genotype was sown during rabi season 2021-22 utilizing Randomize block design involving three replications. Five plant were randomly selected were utilized to record data for every genotype in each replication, covering the eleven characteristic traits that were being studied. Result: ANOVA demonstrated sufficient variability among the all evaluated genotypes for each trait. The highest GCV and PCV estimates were found for no. of seeds/plant, number of pods plant, hundred seeds weight, seed yield per plant, biological yield/ plant, branches/plant, total seeds/ pods, plant height. Heritability (bs) with GA as % of mean was highest for number of seeds/plant, followed by pods/plant, biological yield/plant, 100 seed weight, seed yield/plant, no. of seeds/pod. Correlation result demonstrate the number of seeds per plant significant positive associated with seed/ plant, pods/plant, harvest index, primary branches/plant, no. of seeds/pod, biological yield/plant. Path analysis demonstrated the harvest index, biological yield, no. of seed/pod and plant height exerted greatest positive direct effects on seed yield. In contrast, hundred seed weight, branches/plant, total seeds/plant, pods/plant revealed negative direct effect on seed yield. The intra cluster distance ranged from 2.261 to 2.918 in cluster I and III, respectively. Between cluster III and II showed high inter cluster distance in compression to between cluster I and III, cluster I and II. The genotypes RHD-52, BG-372, JG-2001-115 and K-1065 were identified as suitable for early flowering and maturity, whereas JG-226, DC-18-1107, ICC-8948, JG-2001-115, ICC-7549 and P-1106 were found superior for seed yield performance.
R. S. Thapa, Anand Kumar, Anuj Kumar et al.· Legume Research An Internati...· 0 citations
