Opportunities and Challenges in Implementing the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 in India: Evidence from Educational Stakeholders

Abstract

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 is one of the most significant educational reforms introduced in India in recent decades. It aims to improve the quality of education through multidisciplinary learning, digital education, skill development, teacher training, research promotion, and better governance. Although the policy has created several opportunities for educational institutions and learners, its implementation has also faced many practical challenges. This study examines both the opportunities and the challenges associatedwith the implementation of NEP 2020 from the perspective of educational stakeholders. Primary data were collected from 400 respondents, including teachers, students, school administrators, college faculty, and academic professionals, using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of demographic questions and statements covering four major dimensions: opportunities created by NEP 2020, implementation challenges, institutional preparedness, and implementation effectiveness. The responses were measured mainly using five-point scales with different response formats to capture diverse opinions. The findings of the study are expected to identify the most influential opportunities and the major barriers affecting successful implementation of the policy. The study will also provide useful suggestions for policymakers, educational institutions, and administrators to strengthen the implementation process and achieve the objectives of NEP 2020 more effectively.