The Next Frontier: Security Implications of Future AI Paradigms
Abstract
The current paradigm of frontier AI continues to yield significant value, but as compute scaling faces potentially diminishing returns, future AI progress is unlikely to rely on a single, isolated breakthrough. The next wave of capability improvements will most likely emerge from a complex mix of extensions, hybrids and specialised pathways combined with existing models. This CETaS Research Report maps the emergence of novel AI paradigms across alternative architectures, data sources, learning methods, and hardware substrates. The report provides a basis to help policymakers anticipate and respond to technological surprise. For the UK, maintaining a competitive edge in AI requires strategic agility. To achieve this, the report advocates for action across three priority policy areas: building a deep skills base; investing in supporting infrastructure; and embracing fast-following and application at scale.
