AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE IMPORTANCE OF FARMERS’ MOTIVATION AND AGRICULTURAL INNOVATION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL HOLDINGS IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA
2026· APEIRON: a journal for ancient philosophy and science· Vol 33· 0 citations
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the impact of farmers’ motivation and agricultural innovations on the development of agricultural holdings in the Republic of North Macedonia. The research was conducted on a sample of 426 farmers using a structured questionnaire and a five-point Likert scale, with data analyzed through descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The results indicate a high level of farmers’ motivation and a significant presence of innovations in agricultural production. Additionally, the findings show that farms achieve stable business performance, maintain a good level of organization, and produce satisfactory-quality outputs. Regression analysis confirmed a statistically significant positive effect of both farmers’ motivation and agricultural innovations on farm development, with innovations exerting a stronger influence, while motivation serves as an important supporting factor. These results demonstrate that the combination of human capital and the application of innovations form the foundation for improving efficiency, competitiveness, and sustainability in agricultural production. The findings carry important practical implications for the enhancement of agricultural development strategies in the Republic of North Macedonia.
This study aims to investigate farmers’ perceptions of agricultural input subsides and their impact on agricultural productivity in the context of the Prime Minister Agricultural Modernization Project (PMAMP). This study employed both descriptive and causal-comparative research designs and was conducted among 1,012 registered farmers in Pokhara Metropolitan City. The sample size was 212 using the Rao soft sample size calculator. A sample of 201 farmers was surveyed using purposive and snowball sampling design for the selection of the study area from 19 different wards. Primary data were collected through a structured survey questionnaire with five point Likert scale administered through both physical and online using Google forms. The collected data were analyzed using some descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regression analysis. The findings of the study revealed that access to agricultural subsidies, access to credit and financial support, market proximity and infrastructure had significant positive effects on agricultural productivity, while land ownership status and regional disparities in subsidy allocation showed insignificant positive effect on agricultural productivity. In addition to, access to agricultural subsidies was the strongest predictor of agricultural productivity. Future research direction could be interventions needed to make input delivery methods, raise awareness and provide integrated support services.
The research aims to study the impact of policies on the agricultural sector in Iraq during the period (1990-2025) by studying the relationship between agricultural domestic product (the dependent variable) and a number of independent variables (government support, agricultural loans⸲ cultivated area and agricultural mechanization). The data was collected from Ministry of Planning and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The descriptive and quantitative method was used via using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. Results through the bounds test showed the existence of a long-term equilibrium relationship. Between the model variables and the error correction model, there was a speed of adjustment towards long-term equilibrium that reached (29%). The research reached a number of recommendations, including that government support has a positive and significant impact on agricultural domestic product, while agricultural loans had a negative impact in the short term and a positive impact in the long term. It also turned out that agricultural mechanization has a negative impact in the short term due to weakness and lack of positive planning, while it has a positive impact in the long term. The results confirmed the importance of these supportive policies to achieve sustainable development in the agricultural sector in Iraq.
Tayba Khalaf Hassan· International Journal of Lif...· 0 citations
This study assesses the role of women's agricultural cooperatives in strengthening sustainable food security for rural households in Burundi, focusing on a target population of 130 cooperative farmers in the Cibitoke commune. The survey was conducted in this area, followed by a statistical analysis including descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. The main obstacles to food security and availability are limited access to agricultural inputs (70%), restricted access to agricultural financial activities (63%), low availability of improved seeds and a lack of arable land (38%), low levels of education (9%), and climate change (72%). The econometric model reveals significant positive effects of capacity building for cooperative members, agricultural extension services, and financial resources on income, while the level of education does not have a significant impact. These results highlight the imperative to improve access to credit, agricultural extension services and the adoption of improved varieties in order to increase profitability and local food security.
Nsabiyaremye Maurice, Nsabiyumva Onesphore, Bimenyimana Nestor et al.· Scholars Journal of Arts Hum...· 0 citations
Background:
Agriculture remains central to Nigeria’s economy; however, despite its importance as a major vegetable crop, onion productivity in the country continues to lag behind global benchmarks.
Aim:
This study analyzes the determinants and interdependence of the adoption of multiple sustainable agricultural practices (SAPs) by smallholder onion farmers in the Wamakko Local Government Area.
Methods:
A multistage sampling procedure was employed to select 162 onion farmers. Data were obtained through structured questionnaires administered via face-to-face interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, an adoption index, and a multivariate probit (MVP) model. A multivariate probit (MVP) model was employed to account for the possibility that farmers simultaneously adopt multiple sustainable agricultural practices and that these decisions are interdependent.
Results:
The results show that onion farmers are predominantly within their economically active age group, indicating a strong potential for improved agricultural practices to be adopted. The adoption pattern further reveals that sustainable agricultural practices are implemented jointly rather than independently, suggesting that practices are complementary. The multivariate probit estimates indicate that the adoption determinants vary across practices. Age negatively influences the adoption of Organic Farming (OF) but positively affects reduced tillage. Household size is positively associated with the adoption of Integrated Weed Management (IWM), while education significantly increases the likelihood of adopting IWM. Farming experience positively influences Crop Rotation (CR) but negatively affects Reduced Tillage (RT). In addition, farm size shows a negative relationship with IWM, and total onion output is negatively associated with organic farming. These findings suggest that both human capital and resource endowment play an important role in influencing farmers’ adoption decisions, although their effects differ across practices. The model’s joint significance confirms the relevance of the explanatory variables, while the multivariate framework captures the interdependence of adoption decisions. However, these relationships should be interpreted as associations rather than causal effects.
Conclusion:
The study concludes that farmer characteristics and the interrelated nature of SAPs strongly shape adoption patterns. It recommends strengthening extension services, improving access to inputs and credit, enhancing farmer education, and promoting youth participation to increase SAP adoption and narrow the onion production productivity gap.
O. Obalola, J. Wahab, Kazeem Aboaba et al.· Journal of Research in Agric...· 0 citations
Adoption of Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) is a crucial step for the sustainability of agriculture and for food security. In Tunisia, despite efforts, the level of dissemination of these good practices remains below the desired level. This study aims to investigate the behavioral determinants of Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) adoption among cereal farmers in northwestern Tunisia, using an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Applying PLS-SEM analysis to a sample of farms in the Beja region, this scientific paper assesses how attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control combined with climate change perceptions and structural factors influence the intention and the decision of farmers. The PLS-SEM model results demonstrate that it explains 70.5% of the variance in intention and 72.3% in actual behavior. The findings reveal that actual adoption is significantly predicted by the farmer’s intention (
β
= 0.383,
p
< 0.001). This intention is principally guided by
Perceived Behavioral Control
(
β
= 0.646) and the
Perceived Effect of GAPs
on farm resilience (
β
= 0.567). Particularly, formal agriculture contracts emerged as a main determinant by reducing market risk and reinforcing the farmer’s intention of adopting sustainable practices. Paradoxically, attitude and subjective norms show no significant effect, while climate change perceptions exert only a marginal influence on the final decision. Hence, the adoption of GAPs is constrained more by technical and contractual capacity than by a lack of awareness. Characterization and typology of farms confirm that the level of adoption among farmers increases with farm size and education level, while smallholders face structural constraints related to land fragmentation, lack of equipment, and financial factors to diversify crops and to adopt rotation and innovation. These results highlight that the grouping of small farms can lead to larger units, such as farmers’ organizations, where crop rotation is possible and farmers’ bargaining power is increased, and subsequently to the integration of small farms into value chains and markets. Therefore, public policies should prioritize improving value chains through upstream and downstream contract farming and the promotion of farmer organizations. These institutional capitals are essential to enhance agriculture resilience and sustainability through the upscaling, diffusion, and adoption of GAPs.
Jamel Ben Nasr, Ameni Oueslati· Frontiers in Sustainable Foo...· 0 citations
Agriculture is a key sector that contributes significantly to the economy of North Aceh and the Province of Aceh as a whole. As one of the agricultural centers in the region, North Aceh has great potential to increase agricultural production and improve farmers' welfare. In this context, agricultural extension workers play a strategic role as a bridge between the latest agricultural technologies and field-level farming practices. This study aims to analyze the influence of age, formal education, work experience, distance to the working area, and the number of assisted villages on the performance of agricultural extension workers. The research location was determined purposively. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis, which was applied to examine the influence of several independent variables on the dependent variable. The study was conducted from June 2025 to November 2025. The results show that the performance of agricultural extension workers at the Agricultural Extension Center (BPP) of Dewantara, North Aceh District, is categorized as high. Internal and external factors simultaneously have a significant effect on the performance of agricultural extension workers. However, only formal education and age have a significant effect, while work experience, distance to the working area, and the number of assisted villages do not have a significant partial effect on the performance of agricultural extension workers at the Agricultural Extension Center (BPP) Dewantara, North Aceh District.
Keywords: Performance of Agricultural Extension Workers and Extension Workers.
Nopri Yanto, Eva Wardah, Setia Budi et al.· Jurnal Mahasiswa Agribisnis· 0 citations
