Jun 2026· arXiv.org· Vol abs/2606.29742· 0 citations· 49 references
Computer Science
TL;DR
This work proposes MicroAgent, a Context-Augmented Multi-Agent Framework for Microservice Decomposition, a Context-Augmented Multi-Agent Framework for Microservice Decomposition that divides the decomposition process into five distinct subtasks and assigns each to a specialized agent.
Abstract
The adoption of Microservice Architecture (MSA) has revolutionized software engineering by enhancing scalability, agility, and maintainability over traditional monolithic applications. As more developers transition their legacy systems to microservice-based architectures, effective microservice decomposition-partitioning monolithic applications into highly cohesive services-becomes vital. However, this decomposition task presents significant challenges. Manual approaches are time-consuming and labor-intensive. Existing automated methods often fail to capture the necessary semantic insights from complex applications, while naive applications of Large Language Models tend to overlook crucial contextual information and design principles, leading to suboptimal results. To address these challenges, we propose MicroAgent, a Context-Augmented Multi-Agent Framework for Microservice Decomposition. Our framework divides the decomposition process into five distinct subtasks and assigns each to a specialized agent. To enhance the effectiveness of each agent, we provide tailored, multi-granularity context that keeps its analysis focused and mitigates information overload. Furthermore, to ensure the decomposition adheres to established design principles, we integrate analytical tools that guide the agents'decision-making. Experimental evaluations on 10 Java Web applications demonstrate that MicroAgent achieves an average decomposition accuracy of 89.2%, outperforming the state-of-the-art method by 24.6%. We also conduct a case study to highlight the practical benefits of our design.
Large Language Model (LLM) applications increasingly rely on multi-agent and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) architectures to solve complex, knowledge-intensive tasks. However, when deployed as generic platforms serving multiple customers and heterogeneous user groups, existing systems often rely on agent-level routing and prompt hardcoding, leading to poor modularity, limited reuse, and weak controllability. In particular, current approaches lack an explicit abstraction for modeling system capabilities and controlling which capabilities are accessible to different users. We propose an expert-guided multi-agent architecture that separates execution from capability modeling. Agents are responsible for LLM interaction and tool execution, while experts represent indivisible business or task capabilities and guide agent orchestration through dynamic prompt injection. This design enables a generic, multi-instance system in which different customer deployments and user groups share the same agent implementations while exposing different capability sets at the business level. The architecture enforces strong guarantees in terms of answerability, traceability, and controllability. A first working implementation has been developed, and an open-source release is currently in preparation.
Ying Zhang, M. Guillaume, Edouard Leleux et al.· 2026 6th International Confe...· 0 citations
EASy is proposed, a trainable agentic framework that jointly optimizes task performance and computational efficiency through reinforcement learning and consistently achieves stronger performance-efficiency trade-offs than strong agentic baselines.
Junnan Liu, Linhao Luo, Thuy-Trang Vu et al.· 0 citations
This work introduces Model Automated Deployment Engine (MADE), a dual-agent coordination system that iteratively constructs and validates the deployment artifacts, updates its deployment belief based on execution feedback, and revisits invalid upstream artifacts until the model is successfully served as a ready-to-call API that can then be used by other agents.
Yicheng Liu, Bolin Zhang, Weiran Liu et al.· 0 citations
LLM-based multi-agent systems have the potential to enable collective intelligence and scale toward solving highly complex tasks through coordinated ensembles of specialized agents. However, despite their theoretical potential, the architectural design space remains largely non-systematized and lacks broadly established design principles. Furthermore, the scalability characteristics of such systems are only partially understood so far. This paper makes two contributions. We first distill four design principles for scalable MAS architectures from a structured analysis of prior work: simplicity, elastic feedback, sequential workflows with optional loops, and summary-based communication. We operationalize these principles in a reference architecture whose topology is formalized as a constrained directed workflow graph, and we evaluate four configurations of increasing complexity on a standardized benchmark of terminal-based system engineering tasks using two LLMs of differing capability. Our findings show that scaling yields measurable accuracy improvements with approximately linear cost growth, but only when the underlying LLM exceeds a minimum capability threshold. Performance peaks at intermediate complexity, then degrades due to timeouts and evaluation limitations. In addition, persistent consistency issues emerge as a central challenge across all scaling levels. These results provide concrete design guidance for practitioners and highlight consistency and evaluation standardization as key targets for future research.
Linus Sander, F. Pan, Vahid Zolfaghari et al.· 0 citations
A semantic-uncertainty-guided orchestration approach, HASSUM is introduced as a general framework for uncertainty-aware coordination in multi-agent systems and suggests that semantic uncertainty is a practical and general-purpose signal for improving robustness and trustworthiness in agentic AI systems.
John Knowlton, Aritra Guha, Risto Miikkulainen· 0 citations
Retail supply chain management is increasingly reliant on complex SaaS-based microservice systems (MS). While integrating LLM-powered agents offers a significant opportunity for intent-based orchestration, the transition from deterministic microservices to non-deterministic Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) lacks a structured migration path and risks severe system instability. In this paper, we propose a systematic refactoring methodology that prioritizes service migration based on quantified complexity criteria. As the architecture evolves, we embed Quality Assurance (QA)-based regression analysis inline to ensure functional parity between legacy service logic and probabilistic agentic reasoning. To safeguard against logic failures, our framework incorporates a Human-in-the-loop (HITL) mechanism that resolves decision-making gaps when agent outputs violate predefined QA invariants. We evaluated our approach on a supply chain benchmark of 9 microservices with 13 APIs. Our results reveal that complexity-ranked refactoring improves consistency, latency, and cost by 2%, 21%, and 23% over random migration, and by 6%, 25%, and 31% over reverse-ranked order migration, respectively. Furthermore, this ranked approach minimizes rollbacks and human interventions. This work contributes a robust process for containing agentic non-determinism within microservice boundaries through continuous QA alignment and strategic human intervention.