Ameliorative Effects of Ginkgo biloba on Lead Acetate-Induced Oxidative Stress and Histopathological Damages in Rat Liver, Kidney, and Testis.

Assessment of the Effects of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Momordica balsamina on Oxidative Markers and Renal Function Parameters in Lead-induced Nephrotoxic Wistar Rats

The findings suggest that ethanol leaf extract of M. balsamina ameliorated oxidative stress and reduced the functional impact of lead toxicity on the kidneys by improving renal function.

Assessment of the Ameliorative Anti-inflammatory and Immuno-modulatory Effects of Nano Moringa Oleifera Leaves Extract on Experimentally induced Hepatic Injury in Male Rats

The current investigation was planned to assess the protective role of Nano Moringa oleifera leaves extract (Nano MOLE) with 2 different doses (high and low) against Cd-promoted hepatorenal toxicity. Forty-eight rats were divided into 6 groups. Control, Nano MOLE H group (250 mg/kg), Nano MOLE L group (125 mg/kg), Cd group (1 mg/kg), Cd+ Nano MOLE H group (1 mg/kg + 250 mg/kg) and Cd+ Nano MOLE L group (1 mg/kg + 125 mg/kg). All these treatments were administrated once daily intragastrically. After 60 days of treatment, Cd exposure resulted in significant elevation of liver enzymes [aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT)] as well as urea and creatinine compared to the control. However, it significantly reduced total protein (TP), albumin and globulin relative to the control. Furthermore, levels of interlukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-), C-reactive protein (CRP) and interlukine-10 (IL-10) were significantly escalated in Cd-treated group relative to control group. The histopathology of hepatic tissue revealed the dilatation of the portal area with multiple necrosis in hepatocytes accompanied by vascular congestion and inflammatory infiltration. In contrast, concurrent administration of Cd with Nano MOLE with 2 different doses (high and low) showed significant improvement in Cd-induced disruption in histological architecture as well as biochemical parameters. Interestingly, the most potent improvement appeared in Cd+ Nano MOLE L group. Therefore, it could be concluded that Nano MOLE could be used as a therapeutic agent against hepatic toxicity induced by Cd in rats owing to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. Moreover, the findings of the present study showed that the low dose of Nano MOLE is much better to be used to avoid the deleterious effect of accumulation in the body organs and the resulted inflammation.

Protective and therapeutic effects of orange-fleshed sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) juice against thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Drug-induced liver injury remains a major global health challenge due to the widespread use of hepatotoxic drugs and environmental toxins. The present study investigated the hepatoprotective and hepatocurative effects of orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) juice in thioacetamide-induced liver injury in rats. Sixty male Wistar rats (80-120 g) were used for both preventive and curative experimental models. Animals were randomly assigned into five groups (n = 6): normal control, untreated control, standard drug (silymarin 50 mg/kg), and two treatment groups receiving OFSP juice (300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg body weight). Liver function biomarkers including total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were evaluated using standard biochemical assays. Hematological indices and liver histopathology were also assessed. Administration of thioacetamide produced significant elevations in serum AST, ALT, ALP, and bilirubin levels compared with the normal control group (p < 0.05), and indicating hepatocellular injury. Treatment with OFSP juice significantly reduced these biochemical markers in both preventive and curative models. Furthermore, OFSP administration significantly improved hematological parameters including haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, red blood cell count, and platelet count. Histopathological examination revealed severe hepatocellular degeneration and inflammatory infiltration in untreated animals, whereas OFSP-treated groups showed substantial preservation of hepatic architecture. The findings suggest that OFSP juice possesses significant hepatoprotective and hepatocurative properties, potentially related to its antioxidant and membrane-protecting properties. These results support the potential therapeutic value of OFSP as a functional dietary component in the prevention and management of liver injury.  

Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Effects of Solanium aethiopicum Leaf Extract in Potassium Bromate Induced Toxicity

Potassium bromate (KBr) is a potent oxidizing agent that induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and hepatic injury. This study evaluated the protective effects of Solanum aethiopicum leaf extract against KBr-induced alterations in liver function and inflammatory cytokines in Wistar rats. Thirty Wistar rats (140–150 g) were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 6): normal control, KBr (50 mg/kg), KBr + S. aethiopicum extract (300 mg/kg), KBr + S. aethiopicum extract (600 mg/kg), and KBr + vitamin C (100 mg/kg). Potassium bromate was administered for two weeks before treatment with the extract or vitamin C. Serum liver function indices (total protein, albumin, globulin, ALT, AST, ALP, and total bilirubin) and inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1β and TNF-α) were determined using standard spectrophotometric methods. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Potassium bromate significantly disrupted liver function parameters and reduced (P < 0.05) IL-1β levels compared with the control, indicating hepatic dysfunction and impaired inflammatory homeostasis. Treatment with S. aethiopicum extract significantly restored IL-1β concentrations while maintaining TNF-α levels comparable to the control. The extract also ameliorated KBr-induced alterations in serum proteins and bilirubin. In conclusion, S. aethiopicum leaf extract protected against potassium bromate-induced hepatic dysfunction and inflammatory disturbances, supporting its potential as a natural hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory agent. Further studies are recommended to elucidate its underlying mechanisms of action. Keywords: inflammation, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, potassium bromate, Solanum aethiopicum.

Protective effect of resveratrol against sub-acute diazinon-induced oxidative stress in rat kidney

Protective effects of Rosmarinus officinalis against methotrexate-induced hepatorenal toxicity in Wistar rats: Biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical evaluation

Rosmarinus officinalis extract may exert protective effects against MTX-induced hepatorenal injury through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, however, further studies are required to confirm these effects and validate their therapeutic potential.