This survey reviews blockchain consensus from a security-oriented lens and links distributed-systems fundamentals to concrete attack vectors and defense mechanisms and outlines open problems including the post-quantum cryptographic transition, cross-shard security and atomicity in sharded consensus, and adaptive defenses resilient to evolving network and economic adversaries.
This study suggests a unique architecture that uses multi- signature protocols and decentralized consensus techniques to enable smooth cross-chain transactions to solve scalability and security issues while improving efficiency, privacy, and transparency by integrating public and private blockchains.
Rohith Reddy Mandala, Venkat Garikipati, Charles Ubagaram et al.· Journal of Science & Technol...· 0 citations
This Systematization of Knowledge paper analyzes over 20 verified consensus protocols to establish a unified taxonomy of verification approaches, and introduces a verification maturity scale ranging from informal reasoning to machine-checked code proofs, and presents a Protocol--Property--Method matrix mapping protocol...
N. Bondarev, K. Ziborov, Yury Yanovich· 0 citations
The research focuses on five architectural patterns of such decentralized proof systems, including read-only blockchain verification, off-chain signature verification, relayer-based meta-transactions, account abstraction with paymasters, and hybrid on-chain/off-chain proof anchoring.
Kyrylo Sotnykov· International Journal of Com...· 0 citations
The rapid spread of digital technology has highlighted the weaknesses of traditional centralized systems, which often suffer from single points of failure, data breaches, and a lack of user control. This has created a strong need for more secure, open, and user-focused alternatives. Blockchain technology has emerged as...
Himanshu V. Chamatkar, Bansod Sneha Bharat, Ketan Wanjari et al.· 2026 International Conferenc...· 0 citations
Blockchain technology enables decentralized trust, yet traditional blockchain networks face critical scalability limitations under large-scale deployments. Sharding improves throughput through parallel processing, but existing sharded BFT architectures still suffer from severe hierarchical coupling between shards and t...
Ji-Qiang Liu, Li-Jun Sun, Xiao Chen et al.· 2026 International Conferenc...· 0 citations
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