PredVLA: A Sub-Million-Parameter Predictive-Coding Policy for Robot Manipulation

LM-X: Explainable Action Modeling with Progress, Event, and Uncertainty Prediction for Generalist Robot Manipulation

LM-X is introduced, which organizes prediction across task, event, and motor scales without claiming anatomical correspondence and shows that explicit multi-timescale predictive state can strengthen control while exposing interpretable internal estimates.

Lightweight Adaptation of Pretrained Robot Manipulation Systems: Two Approaches

BWM: A Low-Cost High-Fidelity World Simulator for Robot Learning

BWM is an action-conditioned world model that combines initial-environment guidance, dynamic visual history, and temporally aligned robot-action conditioning for stateful autoregressive prediction of future observations and is released as an open-source, low-cost, high-fidelity world simulator for robot manipulation.

WorldToken: Time-First Sequence Modeling for Robotic Imitation Learning

WorldToken, a time-first policy instantiation that fuses multiview images, proprioception, and task conditioning within each policy timestep into one world token is introduced and its data-scaling and temporal-context behavior under the tested recipes are characterized.

WCM: A World Critic Model for Vision-Language-Action Reinforcement Learning

Reinforcement learning (RL) post-training of Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models has shown strong promise for robotic manipulation. Among RL methods, critic-based approaches rely on a value estimator that predominantly operates on single-frame observations or single-frame VLM backbone latents, which is a fundamental mismatch with the partially observable nature of robot control. A naive approach to incorporate observation history into the critic incurs exponential complexity with high-dimensional visual space, and still fails because pure scalar-return regression provides insufficient supervision for learning cross-temporal dynamics. We identify the root cause as a state approximation problem: without an explicit world modeling objective, the critic's representation cannot capture the temporal structure needed for accurate value estimation. To address this, we propose the World Critic Model (WCM), built on a lightweight LeJEPA architecture; WCM jointly predicts future latent state and estimates values, such that the critic's representation is explicitly trained to capture temporal dynamics rather than merely regress scalar returns. WCM integrates seamlessly into both on-policy and off-policy training pipelines and is compatible with state-of-the-art VLA backbones including Pi0, Pi0.5, and OpenVLA-OFT. Extensive experiments on 149 tasks across four benchmarks demonstrate that WCM consistently achieves state-of-the-art performance in both in-distribution and out-of-distribution settings, with particularly strong generalization gains. We further validate WCM on seven real-world manipulation tasks using OpenVLA-OFT and Pi0.5 with off-policy RL, confirming stable deployment across diverse settings.

Robo-Dopamine 2.0: History-Conditioned and OOD-Aware Process Reward Modeling for Robotic Manipulation

This work introduces Robo-Dopamine 2.0, a history- and OOD-aware process reward model with a pairwise prediction interface that combines history-conditioned pairwise rewards that use source-aligned reference panels for synthetic OOD queries and observed rollout history for online queries, while preserving the queried endpoints.