Semi-Cooperative Passive Integrated Sensing and Communication by Utilizing Physical Layer Information of 5G Signals

Abstract

In recent years, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has attracted significant attention towards future cellular networks. Currently, various works have demonstrated sensing performance in existing wireless communication systems. Most of the demonstrations are based on passive type due to the radio regulatory. However, because of the difficulty in access to the communication protocol stacks in commercial cellular systems, the evaluation of the cellular communication signals for semi-cooperative passive ISAC is limited. In this paper, a semi-cooperative passive ISAC system is developed with open-source 5G framework and software-defined radio devices. And the performance is experimentally evaluated by utilizing the physical layer information of actual 5G signals from the developed system. In this system, communication is established with 5G signals and physical layer information are obtained and extracted for analysis. The performance of the system is verified by conducting experiments under several communication scenarios including the synchronization, pinging, and data transmission. Different physical layer information is collected, and the propagation characteristics are analyzed by a multi-path configuration. The experiment results demonstrated that variable bandwidths were utilized for different communication scenarios and the multipath was successfully detected with two different approaches. These results show that the developed system is promising for semi-cooperative passive ISAC in wider application fields