2026· Journal of Library and Information Communication Technology· 0 citations
Abstract
This paper examines the multifaceted field of cybersecurity, covering key domains such as network, information, cloud, endpoint, and application security, as well as cryptography, ethical hacking, security operations, and emerging technologies like AI/ML. We review current literature, industry standards, and real-world case studies to analyze best practices and challenges across these domains. Emphasis is placed on evolving threat landscapes including ransomware, phishing, and supply-chain attacks, and the regulatory frameworks (GDPR, HIPAA, CCPA) and security standards (NIST CSF, ISO/IEC 27001) that guide organisational defences. We discuss the role of incident response and threat intelligence, and outline future trends such as AI-driven threats and defences, quantum-resistant cryptography, and zero-trust architectures. This comprehensive survey provides industry-level insights and strategic guidance for practitioners, emphasising defence-in-depth and continuous improvement to protect digital assets.
The dual-use nature of AI, the expanding attack surfaces of cloud computing and the IoT, the evolution of
Zero Trust architectures, and the forthcoming disruption of quantum computing to classical public key cryptography are
causing rapid, structural shifts in the cybersecurity landscape. This study integrates and builds upon relevant literature
of the aforementioned technologies and organizes the AI focused offense and defense, identity-based security, ransomware,
cloud-native security, post-quantum cryptography (PQC), supply chain security, IoT/OT security, XDR platform security,
and other security frameworks. We review and analyze the gaps that reduce the efficacy of security and defense postures,
which include the labor gap in cybersecurity, inconsistent laws and frameworks, aging technologies, the complexity of
AI and its governance, and alert fatigue from over-utilization of multiple tools. We identify autonomous security and
defense, agile cryptography, AI red team exercises, human-AI defense, and a variety of models using graph theory and
network theory to design and implement resilient architectures to mitigate cyber threats, as potential areas for future
exploration and research. We aim to provide researchers and practitioners a comprehensive overview of the current
cybersecurity environment for the year 2026.
Vishvesh Revoori, Vasudev Karthik Ravindran, Shubham Agarwal· International Journal of Inn...· 0 citations
Some operational and technical challenges that affect the adoption of effective cybersecurity prac-tices within e-government infrastructures are identified and the importance of scalable, cost-effective, and integrated monitoring infrastructures to manage cybersecurity proactively in developing countries are highlighted.
Lukumba Phiri, Steve Muwowo· International Journal of Ele...· 0 citations
The increasing complexity of cyber threats, interconnected technologies, and data-intensive digital services has exposed limitations in security strategies that depend on isolated controls. This study develops a multi-level cybersecurity and privacy framework that integrates complementary controls across physical, network, endpoint, application, data, identity and access management, monitoring and incident response, and human and policy domains. The framework was developed through structured synthesis of the ten cybersecurity and privacy studies reviewed in the source manuscript and alignment with established cybersecurity guidance. The revised model treats monitoring and incident response as a cross-cutting capability and privacy and governance as cross-cutting concerns. It further introduces a measurable evaluation structure based on layer-specific security indicators and an overall Multi-Level Cybersecurity Resilience Index. The framework is mapped to NIST Cybersecurity Framework 2.0, ISO/IEC 27001:2022, and Zero Trust principles. The resulting architecture provides a practical basis for coordinating preventive, detective, responsive, recovery, governance, and privacy controls. Because the source studies did not include primary empirical testing, the present manuscript does not claim empirical effectiveness; instead, it specifies a validation protocol using expert assessment and/or controlled simulation. This study contributes an integrated architectural model and a measurable evaluation approach for organizations seeking adaptive and resilient cybersecurity.
Unknown authors· Journal of Computer Science...· 0 citations
Digital transformation has been a game-changer for financial institutions, driving the bank industry's evolution into a more real-time, cloud-based, mobile, and AI-enabled financial landscape. While all these technological developments have boosted operational efficiency and customer service, they have also created new opportunities for cyber criminals to attack financial organizations with powerful and sophisticated means like ransomware, phishing, insider threats, Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs), Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks, identity theft, and financial fraud. This has given rise to the need for extensive cyber security systems to be a strategic necessity and not a technical necessity. In this paper, the authors explore modern approaches to cybersecurity frameworks for digital financial institutions, reviewing methodologies for assessing risk, governance of security, regulatory compliance, and innovations like Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Blockchain, and Zero Trust Architecture. The study provides an overview of existing cybersecurity frameworks such as the NIST Cybersecurity Framework, ISO/IEC 27001, COBIT and PCI DSS, along with financial regulatory frameworks. In addition, a conceptual framework is suggested for enhancing cyber-resilience based on continuous monitoring, threat intelligence, automated incident response, and adaptive security controls. The findings have shown that the combination of intelligent security solutions and a standardized governance model not only increases the resilience of the organisation, but also reduces cyber risks, facilitates compliance with regulatory requirements and safeguard the trust of customers. The proposed framework offers a scalable and proactive strategy for financial institutions to address the escalating cyber threats in the ever-engaging digital landscape.
Vladimir Glushkov, Victor Glushkov· International Journal of Com...· 0 citations
This review's results show that penetration testing is an important part of improving cybersecurity because it helps identify weaknesses before they become problems and reduces risk.
Dual-use technologies—systems and capabilities applicable to both civilian and
military domains—have become a central component of modern defense ecosystems, situated at
the intersection of accelerated technological innovation and evolving strategic security
requirements.
This paper analyzes the cybersecurity challenges arising from the integration of dual-use
technologies into the defense architectures of NATO, the European Union, and Romania, with a
particular focus on regulation as a key instrument for control, security, and strategic governance.
The study highlights that dual-use regulation, including international frameworks such as the
Wassenaar Arrangement and European Union legislation (Regulation EU 2021/821), directly
shapes access to, transfer of, and deployment of critical technologies such as artificial
intelligence, cloud computing, and advanced semiconductors. In this context, regulation functions
not only as a mechanism for mitigating proliferation risks, but also as a strategic factor
influencing technological sovereignty and competitive advantage.
Beyond the normative dimension, the paper examines cybersecurity risks associated with
dual-use ecosystems, including supply chain vulnerabilities, reliance on commercial digital
infrastructure, cyber espionage, and risks arising from the use of artificial intelligence systems in
hybrid civil–military environments. Institutional limitations are also addressed, particularly slow
procurement cycles and interoperability fragmentation within NATO and the EU.
In conclusion, securing dual-use technologies requires an integrated approach combining
regulation, technological innovation, and international cooperation to strengthen resilience and
ensure security in the contemporary defense landscape
Adriana Niţescu, Tiberiu Tănase· SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND EDUC...· 0 citations