TopoGS: Planar Reconstruction via Topology-aware 3D Gaussian Splatting

Abstract

Extracting structured, parametric 3D representations from raw images remains a fundamental challenge in computer vision and graphics. While recent advancements in the 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) pipeline integrate planar primitives to yield compact and editable geometry, these approaches typically treat planes as isolated, discrete sets. This lack of topological connectivity hinders robust geometric reasoning, leading to fragmented reconstructions and misaligned boundaries that fall short of the precision for rigorous spatial analysis and professional design workflows. To address this, we introduce TopoGS, the first 3DGS framework to explicitly integrate both planar and topological constraints for coherent 3D reconstruction. Specifically, we extract global 2D topological relationships from multi-view image segmentations and anchor Gaussian primitives to these structural elements. This formulation enables the joint optimization of plane parameters, rendering fidelity, and topological adjacency. By enforcing strict multi-view consistency alongside these topological constraints, our method significantly mitigates geometric misalignments and produces connected, structured 3D models. Extensive evaluations on the ScanNet++ dataset demonstrate that TopoGS achieves state-of-the-art performance, providing a highly robust solution for generating accurate, topologically sound, and visually faithful scene representations.