Serum Levels of the Proinflammatory Cytokines IL-6, IL-16, IL-18, and IL-36 in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis from the Western Region of Saudi Arabia: Associations with Disease Duration and Disability
Background: Systemic inflammation contributes to the pathobiology of multiple sclerosis (MS), yet serum biomarker data from Middle Eastern populations remain limited. This study evaluated serum levels of IL-6, IL-16, IL-18, and IL-36 in Saudi adults with MS compared with matched healthy controls and examined associatio...