Open access
Aug 2026
SMOTE-Stack-XAI: An Explainable Stacked Ensemble Learning Framework Integrating Random Forest, XGBoost, SVM and Deep Neural Networks for Real-Time Credit Card Fraud Detection
SMOTE-Stack-XAI, a stacked ensemble framework that uses the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) to address class imbalance, outperforms the RF, hybrid RF-SVM, and hybrid SVM-LR baselines with an accuracy of 99.3%, precision of 99.2%, recall of 99.4%, and F1-score of 99.3%.
Bhukya Dharma, D. Latha
· International journal of com... · 0 citations