Biomass-to-bioenergy conversion pathways: A systematic review of feedstocks, technologies, sustainability, and emerging directions
Biomass is a versatile renewable carbon resource capable of supplying heat, electricity, gaseous fuels, liquid biofuels, and carbon-rich co-products while supporting waste valorization and circular resource use. This review systematically examines biomass-to-bioenergy pathways by linking feedstock characteristics, conv...