Studies on multicultural and inclusive education policies in Indonesia have largely focused on general education, while critical analyses situating these two issues specifically within the regulatory and institutional framework of Islamic education remain limited despite the fact that Islamic education faces a distinct...
Pesantren, madrasah, and Integrated Islamic Schools (SIT) are three forms of Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia that have grown and developed within different sociopolitical contexts, yet all play a strategic role in shaping the Islamic identity of society and passing down religious values from one generatio...
The 1998 reform reshaped Indonesia's national education policy architecture, including the state's relationship with Islamic educational institutions. Decentralization of governmental authority and the enactment of Law No. 20 of 2003 on the National Education System opened wider recognition for diverse educational inst...