Pesantren, Madrasah, dan Sekolah Islam Terpadu dalam Politik dan Kebijakan Pendidikan di Indonesia

Abstract

Pesantren, madrasah, and Integrated Islamic Schools (SIT) are three forms of Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia that have grown and developed within different sociopolitical contexts, yet all play a strategic role in shaping the Islamic identity of society and passing down religious values from one generation to the next. These three institutions cannot be separated from political intervention and the dynamics of national education policy, from the colonial period through the New Order era to the Reformation era. This study aims to examine the position and relationship of pesantren, madrasah, and SIT within the context of politics and education policy in Indonesia from historical and regulatory perspectives. This study employs a qualitative approach using library research, with data collected through a documentary analysis of legislation, policy documents, and academic literature, and analyzed descriptively and analytically using content analysis techniques. The results show that pesantren focus on deepening religious knowledge and character building; madrasah integrate religious and general subjects into a single curriculum; while SITs combine the national curriculum with Islamic studies in an integrated manner as a response to the needs of modern Islamic education. Government policies from the colonial era through the Reformation era have contributed to the formal recognition, quality improvement, and expansion of access to Islamic education. This study concludes that a balance is needed between meeting national standards and strengthening Islamic values so that Islamic education in Indonesia can grow in an inclusive, high-quality, and competitive manner amid the dynamics of national education policy.