Differential-Flatness-Based Path Planning for Semi-Rigid Formations of Ackermann-Steered Vehicles With Obstacle Avoidance
This letter presents a geometric path planner for semi-rigid formations of Ackermann-steered vehicles. Differential flatness separates geometric feasibility from the timing law, while fixed Cartesian offsets allow every follower path to be reconstructed from one leader path. A leader–follower curvature relation, valid...