To provide a comprehensive and balanced perspective, the review also acknowledges well-established mainstream alternatives, including induction motors (IMs), which have demonstrated practical viability in commercial EV applications such as Tesla’s early production models. Variable flux motors (VFMs) have emerged as a t...
Hairpin winding technology has emerged as a transformative structural design paradigm for new energy vehicle traction motors, enabling slot fill factors exceeding 70% compared to 35%–45% for conventional round-wire windings, thereby delivering significant improvements in power density, thermal management, and manufactu...
The in-wheel motor (IWM) drive system represents one of the most promising architectures for new energy vehicles (NEVs), offering distinct advantages in drivetrain efficiency, vehicle packaging flexibility, and independent wheel torque control. This review systematically examines the structural design aspects of in-whe...
