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#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Sparse Fine-Tuning for Parameter-Efficient Adversarial Training

Deep neural networks achieve strong performance across many tasks but remain vulnerable to adversarial perturbations. Adversarial training (AT) is one of the most effective defenses, yet it suffers from high memory cost on large models and the persistent clean-robust accuracy trade-off. Recent work introduces parameter...

Zhaoxin Wang, Zihang Ding, Handing Wang · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

FDSML: Formula-Driven Supervised Metric Learning with Parameter-Aware Triplet Loss

Formula-Driven Supervised Learning (FDSL) enables vision pre-training without real images, but existing methods cast pre-training as classification on discretized labels, discarding continuity in the generative process. We propose Formula-Driven Supervised Metric Learning (FDSML), which derives relational supervision f...

Hina Otake, Shinei Arakawa, Keitaro Tanaka et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Well-Specified and Well-Tested? Assessing SWE-bench-Style Datasets with a Self-Evolving Agent

ExLabel is proposed, an LLM-based, self-evolving, experience-guided assistant for task clarity and test coverage assessment in SWE datasets that maintains an evolving experience bank that distills cross-instance knowledge into stable yet adaptive judgment criteria and reuses relevant experience to guide the assessment...

Zhong-Hao Jiang, Xu-Yang Zheng, Yan-Fu Yan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Safe Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning: Zero Constraint Violation and Primal-Averaging Convergence

Many applications of multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) require policies that balance conflicting objectives while satisfying safety constraints. We study safe MORL with zero constraint violation throughout learning, covering both cumulative and stepwise constraints. A key challenge is to explore sufficientl...

Chenxi Li, Yao Shu, Siyang Gao et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SymKL: A Unified Representation-Space Measure of Signal Degradation

Quantifying degradation between a pristine signal and its degraded observation is fundamental to signal processing, yet existing full-reference measures are inherently modality-specific. We introduce SymKL, a unified full-reference degradation measure based on implicit neural representations (INRs). An INR is fitted on...

Dhananjaya Jayasundara, Sudarshan Rajagopalan, Vishal M. Patel · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

OPERA: OPamp Design by an Expert-Taught Reasoning Agent, from Specifications to Layout

Analog flows from specifications to a signed-off layout rarely run without manual iteration. Recent large language model (LLM) agents size circuits with optimizer loops over the device dimensions and stop at the schematic. We present OPERA (OPamp design by an Expert-taught Reasoning Agent), in which a general-purpose L...

Vishal Saxena, Soumyajit Mandal · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

UMI-Live for In-The-Wild Bimanual Robotics Data Collection

Universal Manipulation Interface (UMI) devices allow human experts to demonstrate tasks for robot learning without teleoperating physical robots. Using these demonstrations as training data still requires a consistent hardware setup, calibration, and data processing. We present UMI-Live, a full-stack open-source bimanu...

Govind Velamoor, Adrian Lin, Sam Jung et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Learning to Formulate: Agentic Hardware-Software Co-Design of AI Infrastructure through Progressive Optimization and Verification

AI infrastructure, the chips and software that train and serve AI models, is designed in layers. Layers make the system manageable, but they also fix which choices an optimizer can consider. Gains that need the chip and its software to change together are excluded before optimization begins: the formulation leaves them...

Yi Ding, Li Shang · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

What Makes Medical Examination Items Difficult? Using Large Language Models to Explore Patterns Associated With Empirical Item Difficulty

Research on medical item difficulty has largely focused on prediction rather than on identifying interpretable patterns associated with empirical difficulty. This study used empirical difficulty labels to guide large language models (LLMs) in inducing difficulty rubrics and examined how rubric guidance affected LLM dif...

Xiaomeng Xiong, Marcus Walker, Yanlin Jiang · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Cord: Confidence-Anchored Order Residual Decoding for Masked Diffusion Language Models

The decoding order of masked diffusion language models (dLLMs) can substantially affect generation quality, yet common decoders typically apply the same reveal rule throughout generation. Confidence provides a strong default, but it measures how decisively a position can be predicted now, not how useful revealing that...

Chengwei Zhou, Zhaoyan Jia, Massoud Pedram et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Semantic Mismapping in Generalized Category Discovery: Evaluation and Mitigation

Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) aims to perform old-category recognition and novel-category discovery in the same unlabeled set. Early methods address both objectives through clustering and evaluate the exchangeable predicted indices with global Hungarian (GH) matching. Recent methods adopt trainable parametric he...

Zitai Wang, Qianqian Xu, Cong Hua et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

RetroChessBench: A Benchmark for Reconstructing and Proving Chess Histories

Frontier language models such as GPT 6 Astra have contributed to research mathematics, demonstrating substantial reasoning capabilities. Yet serious reasoning failures persist even in tasks governed by explicit rules. We demonstrate this in retrograde chess which is a playground for pure reasoning, where solvers recons...

Tidor-Vlad Pricope · 0 citations

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Hugging Face Blog Nov 10, 2026

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