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3,683 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Calibration and Risk-Budgeted Decisions with System One Models

LLM workflows and agents rely on a set of binary decisions like allow/block an input, or discard/retain a retrieved document. When human deferral is unavailable, uncertain cases must still receive an action. We study System One decision scores in this setting by defaulting to a conservative fallback when uncertain, and...

Soundouss Messoudi, Youness Mansar · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

SNACK: A Sequential Notation Framework for Probabilistic Graph Generation

We introduce SNACK, a string representation for probabilistic graph generation that enables language models to generate graphs with discrete node and edge features. SNACK linearizes graphs by encoding the nonzero entries of the lower-triangular adjacency matrix, establishing a bijective correspondence between valid seq...

Hohyun Kim, Hyesung Kim, Min-hwan Oh et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Risk-Controlled DFT Selection for Machine-Learned Interatomic Potentials

Automated materials discovery requires evaluating large pools of candidate configurations, with density functional theory (DFT) as a major throughput bottleneck. Pretrained machine-learned interatomic potentials (MLIPs) approximate DFT cheaply, but their errors vary by orders of magnitude across configurations, making...

Kun Ryu, Yeo Jin Jung, Shyue Ping Ong et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Projected Wasserstein-Fisher-Rao Flows for Hawkes Background-Intensity Estimation

We consider the problem of estimating the background intensity of a Hawkes process when the triggering mechanism is known, treating the background as an unknown finite positive measure with a regular density. We propose a likelihood-based variational approach based on the Wasserstein-Fisher-Rao geometry. In this settin...

Isaias Banales, Arturo Jaramillo · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

On Inherent Privacy of Posterior Sampling: A Unified R\'enyi-Divergence Framework

Differential Privacy (DP) provides a rigorous framework for quantifying privacy guarantees. While most methods achieve DP by injecting calibrated random noise, the intrinsic randomness of certain procedures such as sampling can yield DP guarantees ``for free''. In this work, we develop a unified R\'enyi divergence fram...

Ruyu Zhou, Fang Liu · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Noisy-Label Calibration with Multiple Unreliable Labels

In medical annotation and crowdsourcing, multiple annotators assign labels to each example, but these labels may be incorrect. Treating such noisy labels as ground truth can bias calibration evaluation. To address this problem, we propose methods for evaluating and recalibrating a fixed binary predictor under the under...

Keisuke Hanada, Futoshi Futami · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

High-Probability Regret Bounds for Feel-Good Thompson Sampling

Feel-good Thompson sampling (FGTS) augments the posterior of vanilla Thompson sampling with an exploration term that favors reward functions with high predicted optimal values. This modification achieves minimax-optimal regret up to logarithmic factors in linear contextual bandits, but existing analyses of its two stan...

Xu-Heng Li, Qing-Yue Zhao, Quan-Quan Gu · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

State-Matched Sequence Conformal Prediction

Sequential conformal prediction needs to decide which past errors should calibrate uncertainty for the current target. Recency and online error feedback are useful when recent observations remain relevant, but the recent past can be a poor reference when comparable states recur at nonadjacent times, with the recurrence...

Ruihang Han, Li-Hsiang Lin · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Large-Step Last-Iterate Convergence of Random-Reshuffling Stochastic Gradient Descent

Random reshuffling stochastic gradient descent (RR-SGD) is widely used for finite-sum optimization in machine learning. For convex $L$-smooth components, recent work establishes convergence guarantees for an averaged iterate with component stepsizes as large as order $1/L$. However, the final iterate is a natural outpu...

Zijun Chen, Zihan Zhang · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Multi-Sensitive Distributional Fairness: Joint Wasserstein Audits and Shapley Allocation

Fairness audits with several sensitive attributes are often performed one coordinate at a time. This can miss purely intersectional disparities: a score may be independent of each sensitive coordinate while depending on their joint profile. We study distributional demographic parity for a real-valued score using one-di...

Agathe Fernandes Machado, Charlotte Jamotton, Arthur Charpentier · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Generalizing Identifiability Results in Causal Discovery from Complete Data to Missing Data Settings

While causal discovery methods have matured for complete data, such algorithms for handling missing values remain limited. We establish general sufficient conditions under which causal graphs remain identifiable (i.e., uniquely determined from the available data distribution) under various missingness categories, inclu...

Matteo Ceriscioli, Shohei Shimizu, Mallika Gupta et al. · 0 citations

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GPT-Lab Nov 3, 2026

Sovereignty Is the Option to Leave

Is your company’s AI sovereign? A practical guide for CIOs on AI vendor lock-in, EU Data Act switching, cloud sovereignty, and testing your exit plan before you need it. The post Sovereignty Is the Option to Leave appeared first on GPT-Lab.

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