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data science

3,683 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Federated Learning of Nonlinear Temporal Dynamics with Graph Attention-based Cross-Client Interpretability

Networks of modern industrial systems are increasingly monitored by distributed sensors, where each system comprises multiple subsystems that generate high-dimensional time-series. These subsystems are often interdependent, making it important to understand how temporal patterns observed at one subsystem relate to thos...

Ayse Tursucular, Ayush Mohanty, Nazal Mohamed et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Bayesian dynamic scheduling of multipurpose batch processes under incomplete look-ahead information

Multipurpose batch processes become increasingly popular in manufacturing industries since they adapt to low-volume, high-value products and shifting demands. These processes often operate in a dynamic environment, which faces disturbances such as processing delays and demand changes. To minimise long-term cost and sys...

Taicheng Zheng, Dan Li, Jie Li · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Optimizable Model Averaging for Ensembling Heterogeneous Model Outputs

Foundation model ensembles can improve accuracy and robustness, but full fine-tuning and parameter-space merging are often expensive or impossible when candidate models have different architectures. We propose Optimizable Model Averaging (OMA), a black-box approach that learns nonnegative model-combination weights, one...

Mijung Park · 0 citations
#machine learning Open access Oct 2026

Disentangling Total-Variance and Signal-to-Noise-Ratio Improves Diffusion Models

Diffusion models have been widely adopted as a powerful generative framework across numerous scientific domains, yet their inherently iterative sampling process remains a significant computational bottleneck. While this is typically mitigated by reducing the number of reverse diffusion steps, sample quality becomes hig...

Khaled Kahouli, Winfried Ripken, Stefan Gugler et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Linearized Wasserstein dimensionality reduction with approximation guarantees

We introduce LOT Wassmap, a computationally feasible algorithm to uncover low-dimensional structures in the Wasserstein space. The algorithm is motivated by the observation that many datasets are naturally interpreted as probability measures rather than points in $\mathbb{R}^n$, and that finding low-dimensional descrip...

Alexander Cloninger, Keaton Hamm, Varun Khurana et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Hitting-Time Bounds for Asynchronous Q-Learning

We study the last iterate of standard asynchronous Q-learning from a single trajectory of a finite Markov decision process. The trajectory follows a fixed behavior policy whose state--action chain is irreducible and may be periodic. For discount factor $\gamma$, write $H=(1-\gamma)^{-1}$, and let $\mu_{\min}$ be the mi...

Peng Yang · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Finite-Sample Guarantees for Fully Discrete Conditional Diffusion Models

The approach aligns the score-training objective with the sampling grid, allowing statistical estimation and numerical discretization errors to be analyzed together, and establishes finite-sample guarantees for conditional diffusion models learned from data and implemented with finitely many denoising steps.

Qiu-Yun Zhu · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Constrained Probabilistic Numerics: Gaussian Process Solvers for Linear PDEs under Linear Inequality Constraints

Gaussian process solvers for linear partial differential equations (PDEs) return posteriors rather than point estimates, but they condition only on equality information: the PDE residual, boundary data, and measurements. Many solutions of interest also obey inequality constraints, including nonnegativity, monotonicity,...

B. Deng, Kshitiz Upadhyay, Michael D. Shields · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

From Pixels to Privacy-Sensitive Features: An Information-Theoretic Framework for Reconstruction Bounds

What can an adversary recover from a model trained with DP-SGD? Its $(\varepsilon,\delta)$ guarantee does not answer this question directly. We derive a distortion bound that can be computed before training and applies even to an adversary who observes the parameter trajectory during training, knows every other trainin...

Henry Bourne, Robert F. Allison · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

How Well Do Prior-Data Fitted Networks Amortize Bayesian Inference?

Prior-data fitted networks (PFNs) are trained to approximate the Bayesian posterior predictive distribution (PPD) of a synthetic prior, yet results about the approximation quality are surprisingly thin. Taking an empirical risk minimization perspective, we decompose the deployment error of PFNs into prior, context, and...

M. Hulskamp, Julius Kobialka, Emanuel Sommer et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Scalable Sparse Autoregressive Variational Inference for Non-Gaussian Spatial Fields

Latent field models are essential for spatial statistics, but the posterior distribution of the latent field, even with a Gaussian process (GP) prior, is analytically intractable whenever the likelihood is non-Gaussian. Existing approximations are either too slow or too restrictive for large non-Gaussian datasets. We p...

Paul F. V. Wiemann, Matthias Katzfuss · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

A Critical Look at Power Sampling when Test Time Sharpening LLMs

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has substantially improved LLM reasoning, yet growing evidence suggests it mainly performs distribution sharpening: concentrating probability mass on reasoning paths the base model already produces. Recent work therefore seeks RLVR's gains without needing reward sig...

Abiel Malkani Talwar, Christopher Nemeth, Henry B. Moss · 0 citations

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GPT-Lab Nov 3, 2026

Sovereignty Is the Option to Leave

Is your company’s AI sovereign? A practical guide for CIOs on AI vendor lock-in, EU Data Act switching, cloud sovereignty, and testing your exit plan before you need it. The post Sovereignty Is the Option to Leave appeared first on GPT-Lab.

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