Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) can generate multiple tokens in parallel, but often require many decoding rounds to complete a response. Efficient generation depends not only on which tokens are easy to predict, but also on how committing to them helps predict the remaining positions. A highly predictable token...
Modeling the latent, multi-step reasoning processes of learners is a core challenge for adaptive tutoring systems, which often rely on simple right/wrong answers rather than understanding how students think. Instantiated here for grammatical reasoning, this study introduces a diagnostic framework that makes students'st...
We measure the emotion geometry of six LLMs spanning Google's Gemma 2 family. Using an extraction pipeline established by Sofroniew et al. (2026) on Claude Sonnet 4.5 and replicated by Hollowell (2026) on Gemma 2 27B base, we compare emotion geometry across base and instruction-tuned variants of Gemma 2 2B, 9B, and 27B...
Pretrained transformers spend a large share of their inference compute inside self-attention, yet the per-head query-key interaction is structurally low-rank by construction. We ask a diagnostic question: across layers and architectures, which heads actually use the full rank budget on real data, and which do not? We p...
Debopam Sanyal, Hongjie Chen, Riya Elizabeth Kuriyan et al.· 0 citations
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Tabular data is widely used in scientific applications, where complex layouts, including multi-level headers, merged cells, captions, and footnotes, make information extraction difficult. This is particularly important in pharmacokinetics (PK), where values must be correctly associated with the drug, species, dose, adm...
Hossein Sholehrasa, Mohammadhossein Amini, Doina Caragea et al.· 0 citations
The article starts with the Transformer, which connects words in context, and pre-training, where models learn to predict text, and explains how fine-tuning adapts models to requests, with reinforcement learning from human feedback using human answer rankings.
In formal systems such as Lean 4, efficiently finding answers to mathematical problems and generating verifiable proofs is an important task in automated mathematical reasoning. In the traditional way where an upstream solver provides multiple candidate answers, the common workflow requires searching for proofs for eac...
Pengzhen Lin, Ke Zhang, Maziar Raissi et al.· 0 citations
Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized Artificial Intelligence (AI) by their extraordinary capabilities, like contextual understanding, few-shot/zero-shot learning, code generation, ability to reason and problem-solving. Recent studies have shown immense work on LLMs. Yet, there is limited work on the thoroug...
In this paper, we introduce $\Delta\tau$-Bench, an executable agent benchmark that models the structural evolution of large tool ecosystems. In $\Delta\tau$-Bench, independently evolving services continually reshape how tasks can be accomplished: familiar tools may disappear or be replaced, while more efficient alterna...
Shuofei Qiao, Xuanguang Pan, Yijun Chen et al.· 0 citations
Speculative decoding significantly accelerates autoregressive text generation in Large Language Models (LLMs), but its efficacy depends largely on two key factors: the distributional alignment between the draft and the target model, and the draft model's latency during inference. However, existing approaches typically...
Shahriar Kabir Nahin, Xiao Ye, Muhao Chen et al.· 0 citations
De-identifying clinical notes with a hosted language model discloses the information the step is meant to protect. We present EdgeDeID, a 0.6B-parameter decoder-only de-identifier that runs locally and is trained without real patient text: three LLM teachers write synthetic notes, a single labeler re-annotates them int...
Sina Daneshgar, Raya Namazi, Amirali Khosravi et al.· 0 citations
Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) lets large language models (LLMs) answer knowledge-intensive questions from retrieved evidence, but adapting a general-purpose RAG system to a specialized domain such as medicine is difficult when only an unlabeled corpus is available. Self-training approaches such as SimRAG address...
A machine-learning approach called CheMeleon provides a practical way to develop new drugs or other molecules with much less detailed, expensive experimentation.
Research Manager Mike Walker reflects on a career spanning hacker culture, cybersecurity, and AI, sharing lessons about trust, teamwork, leadership, and why solving difficult problems requires curiosity, judgment, agility—and an understanding of the rules. The post Learn the rules: The hacker mindset appeared first on Microsoft Research.
Learn how Google Antigravity and our Cheminformatics Skills accelerate drug discovery workflows, search compounds, and propose novel rigidified macrocycles.
MIT News · Artificial Intelligence· news.mit.eduOct 28, 2026
Professor Paris Smaragdis develops computers with superhuman hearing for applications like speech recognition, music understanding, and environmental monitoring.
MIT News · Artificial Intelligence· news.mit.eduOct 27, 2026
Prabha Jha used her experience with MIT Open Learning’s program for senior executives to develop AI solutions for her employer, Verizon, and to write a book.
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