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17,191 papers

#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Learning and Forecasting Multiscale Spatiotemporal Epidemic Dynamics with Lagrangian-Eulerian Graph Neural ODEs

Accurate medium- to long-range epidemic forecasting requires extrapolating high-dimensional, heterogeneous and nonstationary dynamics from partial observations. Yet hybrid models often leave implicit which observations inform which epidemic processes and how learned graph interactions modify system state. We introduce...

Jin-Ying Duan, Qian Li, Biao Tang · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Hard Way, The Only Way: Provable Merits of Training on Hardest Examples

Despite a surge of empirical interest in the ``unreasonable effectiveness''of drastic data pruning for AI systems, a unified theoretical understanding of this phenomenon remains elusive. In this work, we provide a precise high-dimensional theory of learning under data pruning via weighted empirical risk minimization (E...

Elvis Dohmatob · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Poisoning the corpora of protein design systems during pre-training and retrieval

Protein foundation models increasingly support the generation of novel biological sequences, yet their reliance on large public datasets creates opportunities for adversarial manipulation of the material they learn from and retrieve. We investigate two data-only poisoning attacks against protein design systems, targeti...

Charalampos Koilakos, K. Provatas, Michail Patsakis et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Resisting Harmful Instructions through Training-Free Weight Editing

Instruction-following language models can comply with requests that conflict with intended behaviors and safety alignment. We introduce a training-free weight-editing approach for reducing compliance with targeted undesirable instructions. Our method needs only forward passes on a small set of prompt pairs per target b...

Ali Ebrahimpour-Boroojeny, Xiao-Cong Yang, Samuel Schapiro et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Sensor Diagnosis for Fuel and Emissions Monitoring in Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles

Faulty sensor readings can distort estimates of fuel use and carbon dioxide emissions from diesel engines. We evaluate two procedures that use relationships learned from healthy measurements to diagnose faults and guide fuel correction. The diagnosis procedure tests whether replacing a suspected faulty reading with an...

Tejas Dahiya, Saurabh Kumar Gupta · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Predicting Live Birth After Fresh Embryo Transfer in IVF/ICSI: Differential ICM/Trophectoderm Morphology Encoding and a Hybrid Attention--Logistic Regression Ensemble

Predicting live birth before fresh embryo transfer could support shared decision-making in IVF/ICSI, but routine clinical data are small, heterogeneous, and contain pathway-dependent variables prone to outcome leakage. We aimed to construct a curated single-centre IVF/ICSI dataset and develop a prediction model suited...

Abdul Raheem Shahzad, Jin-Xin Chen, Ming Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Noise-Space Reward Alignment for Few-Step Generative Models

Few-step generative models produce high-quality samples in one or a few evaluations. However, steering them toward desired properties remains difficult, especially when only black-box reward evaluations are available. While one could apply approaches developed for iterative diffusion and flow-based models, such as dire...

Woocheol Shin, Taeyoung Yun, Jiwon Sung et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Spectral-Spatial Interpretation

Post-hoc image explanations usually show where a model looks using spatial heatmaps or indicate which channels matter using global channel scores. These separate views are limiting for multispectral data because channel relevance is often spatially localized and physically meaningful. We introduce Spectral-Spatial Inte...

Haotian Ma, Ruqi Yang, Philip Townsend · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

StochLOB: Heavy-Tailed Score Matching for Robust Limit Order Book Trend Prediction

Score-based diffusion methods usually perturb data with Brownian Gaussian noise, corresponding to a light-tailed forward stochastic differential equation (SDE). For market time series this SDE can be a poor abstraction: limit order book (LOB) order flow is heavy-tailed, bursty, and occasionally jump-like. We study STOC...

Arshia Abolghasemi, Seyed Reza Tavakoli, Parsa Naderi et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

SALTO: Solver-Anchored Lifted Transfer Operators for Nonlinear Event Inference

Learned dynamical models can accurately predict trajectories while producing unreliable sensitivities when differentiated or transposed, limiting their use in inverse problems and scientific decision-making. Classical adjoints provide exact local derivatives, but a single adjoint cannot represent the nonlinear response...

Qi Wang, R. Foster · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

INCONVENIENT: A Benchmark to Assess LLM Generalization Capabilities from Convenience Samples

INCONVENIENT is introduced, a benchmark designed to study robustness to convenience-sample bias and provides explicit control over both the direction and severity of relationship shifts, enabling a systematic assessment of robustness to convenience sampling.

Sara Rezaeimanesh, C. Klochko, Kundan Thind et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

CausalEvo: Causal Skill Self-Evolution for Health LLM Agents

Large language model (LLM) agents for health can accumulate reusable textual skills from task feedback, such as calculation criteria, measurement time points, and formula units. Deciding which skills to retain is consequential: useful rules improve later answers, while faulty generalizations propagate errors. We propos...

Yu-Chen Zhang · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Nov 3, 2026

Learn the rules: The hacker mindset

Research Manager Mike Walker reflects on a career spanning hacker culture, cybersecurity, and AI, sharing lessons about trust, teamwork, leadership, and why solving difficult problems requires curiosity, judgment, agility—and an understanding of the rules. The post Learn the rules: The hacker mindset appeared first on Microsoft Research.

Google DeepMind Blog Nov 3, 2026

Agentic cheminformatics with Google Antigravity

Learn how Google Antigravity and our Cheminformatics Skills accelerate drug discovery workflows, search compounds, and propose novel rigidified macrocycles.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 28, 2026

Making machines that can listen

Professor Paris Smaragdis develops computers with superhuman hearing for applications like speech recognition, music understanding, and environmental monitoring.

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