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natural language processing

9,568 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

SWE-Clar: Can Coding Agents Clarify Incomplete Client Requirements and Deliver Greenfield Software?

SWE-Clar, a benchmark grounded in real, high-value client commissions to evaluate requirement clarification and code implementation in this setting, comprises 100 tasks based on real software development jobs on Upwork, each with at least US\$4,000 in total payments.

Jia-Lei Li, Ding-Xian Wang, Xiao-Yan Zhao et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

What the Query Remembers: Query Abstraction Governs Lexical and Dense Retrieval of Classical Arabic Poetry

This work benchmarking nine dense encoders and BM25 over two corpora, three indexing modes and two evaluation protocols for Classical Arabic poetry shows that which retriever wins is governed by how much of a poem's wording the query still carries.

Omar Farouk Zouak, S. Mani, Larbi Said Chikh et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Distributional Alignment of LLMs and Its Generalization Properties

Large language models are increasingly used to simulate and probe human behavior, e.g., for surveys. For these applications, a key property is that outputs satisfy distributional alignment: to match its output distribution with some reference (in this case, human) distribution. An obstacle in achieving distributional a...

Nelson Jo · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

From Target Selection to Condition Reuse: Auditing Residual Interventions in Tool-Use Models

Activation interventions can make a language model produce a target answer, but can the model use the intended condition in other computations? We study this question in Qwen3.5-27B on tool-use tasks where time or permissions determine eligibility and selection. Across 32 fresh worlds, two case-specific residual-writin...

Tianda Sun, Dimitar Kazakov · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

An Agentic Approach with Evidence-Grounded Verification for Multimodal Emotion Reasoning in Conversation

Target prompt adaptation outperforms the frozen static pipeline on all four MLLMs, and matches or outperforms undifferentiated reflection baselines on each of them: VideoLLaMA3-2B, Phi-3.5-vision-instruct, Qwen2.5-VL-7B-Instruct, and InternVL2.5-38B.

Elyas Rashno, Farhana H. Zulkernine · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Rethinking Structured Generation: Can Graph-Based Reasoning Resolve Ambiguity?

Structured generation is typically formulated as a deterministic mapping from input to a single structured output. This assumption is fundamentally misaligned with natural language, which often admits multiple structurally distinct yet semantically valid interpretations. As a result, existing methods rely on single-ref...

Ratun Rahman, Atit Pokharel · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Validating the Comparison, Not Just the Scorer: Why Overall Accuracy Can Mislead in Interactive LLM Evaluation

Many LLM studies compare how models respond to different follow-up prompts. For example, one prompt may neutrally ask a model to reconsider, while another insists that an invented film really exists. The difference is used to measure the effect of conversational pressure. An automatic scorer then labels whether each re...

Ancil Crayton · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Do "True" and "False" Add Up to One? Complement Consistency in LLM-Agent Opinion Simulations

In LLM-agent opinion simulations, each agent reports the probability that a claim is true after seeing its own previous probability and the probabilities reported by its neighbors, and that number becomes its state in the next round. If the number describes the agent's position rather than the sentence it was shown, th...

Anouar Imel, Jin Qi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ActionRAG: Evidence-Refining Graph Diffusion for Long-Term Memory in LLM Agents

LLM agents need long-term memory that can recover precise and mutually consistent evidence from growing interaction histories, particularly when answers depend on relations among facts rather than isolated semantic matches. Current memory pipelines remain vulnerable at two stages: indexing errors can fragment repeated...

Navyansh Mahla, Sashank Vandrangi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Review Oct 2026

When Agents Fail: Model or Harness--Who's to Blame?

LLM agents combine models with execution harnesses, so agentic benchmark performance reflects their joint behavior. We argue that harnesses should therefore be evaluated through their interactions with underlying models. We develop a framework combining five complementary measures: (i) Valid Completion Rate (VCR), how...

Shao Zhang, Hang-Fan Zhang, Yuan-Yuan Shi et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Beyond Post-Hoc Rewards: Privileged Reasoning Exploration for Multimodal Embeddings

Advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have driven substantial progress in multimodal embeddings. Recent methods exploit generative capabilities by augmenting embedded inputs with self-generated reasoning to produce more informative embeddings. However, conventional retrieval supervision for training embe...

Tian-Yu Yang, Yi-Jun Tian, Lars Benedikt Kaesberg et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

DMAIC-Bench: From Self-Reflection to Self-Restraint for Agents in Multi-Stage Analytical Tasks

Multi-stage analytical tasks require LLM agents to use intermediate evidence to decide whether to continue, redirect or stop. Self-reflection, in which an agent critiques its output, is widely studied, yet a critique does not show whether evidence changed the next action. We call that capability self-restraint. Existin...

Shan Peng, Shuaiqi Cheng, Miao Peng et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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