Skip to content

Category

natural language processing

9,568 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Learning When to Translate for Multilingual Reasoning

Reasoning language models (RLMs) achieve strong performance on complex reasoning tasks, but still exhibit substantial multilingual reasoning gaps, largely due to language-understanding failures when interpreting non-English inputs. Translation into English can mitigate these failures by expressing non-English inputs in...

Deokhyung Kang, Hyounghun Kim · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

How Do Uncertainty Estimators Align with Hallucination Occurrence in LLMs?

Large language models (LLMs) can hallucinate, but do model uncertainty estimators reliably reveal when they do? Although uncertainty estimators are increasingly used to identify unreliable generations, their relationship with hallucination remains poorly understood and is often taken for granted. We systematically eval...

Yedidia Agnimo, Anna Korba, Annabelle Blangero et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Beyond Questions: Evaluating the Stated Knowledge of LLMs

Parametric knowledge in large language models (LLMs) is a cornerstone of their success, yet remains poorly understood. Existing knowledge benchmarks typically rely on predefined questions (e.g., "What is the birth date of M.L. King?"), evaluating only knowledge that benchmark designers explicitly choose to query, a pro...

Luca Giordano, Simon Razniewski · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

CTI2TTP: Evidence-Grounded TTP Extraction from Cyber Threat Intelligence via Diverge-then-Converge Verification

Extracting MITRE ATT&CK techniques from cyber threat intelligence (CTI) reports is an open-set, multi-label problem requiring both high recall (not missing techniques) and high precision (not hallucinating unsupported ones). Existing rule-based, supervised, and LLM-based methods struggle to achieve both: rule-based and...

Yutong Cheng, Changze Li, Raihan Sultan Pasha Basuki et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Conditioned in Training, Dispensable at Inference: Typological Conditioning for Multilingual Speech Translation

Multilingual speech translation frontends built on speech large language models typically condition on language identity, as a learned embedding or a prompted language name. Such a signal, however, is learned separately for each language and transfers nothing between typologically related languages. In this paper, we p...

Yu Pan, Tianjiao Zhang, Yang Hou et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Concurrency without Model Changes: Future-based Asynchronous Function Calling for LLMs

Function calling, also known as tool use, is a core capability of modern LLM agents but is typically constrained by synchronous execution semantics. Under these semantics, LLM decoding is blocked until each function call completes, resulting in increasing end-to-end latency. In this work, we introduce AsyncFC, a pure e...

Guangyu Feng, Huanzhi Mao, Prabal Dutta et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

XL-SafetyBench: A Country-Grounded Cross-Cultural Benchmark for LLM Safety and Cultural Sensitivity

Current LLM safety benchmarks are predominantly English-centric and often rely on translation, failing to capture country-specific harms. Moreover, they rarely evaluate a model's ability to detect culturally embedded sensitivities as distinct from universal harms. We introduce XL-SafetyBench, a suite of 5,500 test case...

Dasol Choi, Eugenia Kim, Jaewon Noh et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Dependency Parsing Across the Resource Spectrum: Evaluating Architectures on High and Low-Resource Languages

Transformer-based models achieve state-of-the-art dependency parsing for high-resource languages, yet their advantage over simpler architectures in low-resource settings remains poorly understood. We evaluate four parsers---the Biaffine LSTM, Stack-Pointer Network, AfroXLMR-large, and RemBERT---across twelve typologica...

Kevin Guan, Happy Buzaaba, Christiane Fellbaum · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Structure Liberates: How Constrained Sensemaking Produces More Novel Research Output

Scientific discovery is an extended process of ideation -- surveying prior work, forming hypotheses, and refining reasoning -- yet existing LLM research agents treat this phase as a brief preamble despite its central role in research. We introduce SciSense, a sensemaking-grounded framework that operationalizes ideation...

James Mooney, Zae Myung Kim, Young-Jun Lee et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

PermaFrost-Attack: Stealth Pretraining Seeding(SPS) for planting Logic Landmines During LLM Training

Aligned large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to adversarial manipulation, and their reliance on web-scale pretraining creates a subtle but consequential attack surface. We study Stealth Pretraining Seeding (SPS), a threat model in which adversaries distribute small amounts of poisoned content across stealth w...

Harsh Kumar, Rahul Maity, Tanmay Joshi et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Negative Advantages Is a Double-Edged Sword: Calibrating advantages in GRPO for Search Agents

Search agents achieve strong question-answering performance through multi-turn interactions with search engines, with Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) being a widely used training algorithm. However, GRPO-style algorithms still face several challenges in multi-hop search settings. First, correct intermediate s...

Jiayi Wu, Ruobing Xie, Zeqian Huang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Dive into Claude Code: The Design Space of Today's and Future AI Agent Systems

Claude Code is an agentic coding tool that can run shell commands, edit files, and call external services on behalf of the user. This study describes its architecture by analyzing the publicly available source code and comparing it with two independent open-source AI agent systems, OpenClaw and Hermes Agent, that answe...

Jiacheng Liu, Xiaohan Zhao, Xinyi Shang et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

See all →
Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

We use cookies to run the site and, with your consent, for analytics and to show ads. See our Cookie Policy.