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natural language processing

9,568 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Artifact Distillation: Training-Free Transfer from Frontier to Small Language Models

Closing the gap between frontier and smaller language models is usually approached by distillation: fine-tuning the small model (student) on a frontier model's (teacher) outputs, which binds transfer to training compute and leaves the transferred knowledge largely opaque. We propose Artifact Distillation: a teacher sol...

Mustafa Safa Ozdayi, Somin Wadhwa · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

VeriCUA: Verification as Agentic Exploration for Computer-Using Agents

Building and scaling computer-using agents (CUAs) across desktop, mobile, and web environments requires reliable task-completion verification for data curation, evaluation, and reinforcement learning. Typical automated approaches prompt vision-language models (VLMs) to judge trajectories or generate programs to inspect...

Qiushi Sun, Da Yu, Alexander Knop et al. · 0 citations

Comparing Human Roleplayers and LLM-Simulated Clients in Online Counselling Training: An Analysis of Counselling Patterns

The findings highlight both similarities and differences in the application of counselling patterns across scenarios, showing the potential of LLM-based role-playing exercises to enhance counselling competencies and to identify areas for further refinement in virtual client simulations.

Eric Rudolph, P. Steigerwald, J. Albrecht · 3 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Ramanujan Challenge Results: AI-Assisted Evaluation Pipeline for Multi-Format Proofs

As AI's mathematical capabilities rapidly improve, meaningful benchmarks are shifting from university-level problems and math olympiads to research-level mathematics. The Ramanujan Challenge is a benchmark comprised of research-level problems in number theory, including unpublished results and open conjectures. It pres...

A. Sorani, Ashvni Narayanan, M. Shalyt et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

FIRME: Registry-Anchored Memory Graphs for Evolving, Heterogeneous Investor Knowledge

Financial AI workflows that reuse investor knowledge need persistent memory that integrates observations across sources and periods without losing identity or provenance. In a knowledge graph, recurring observations may use different surface forms, fragmenting relationship histories and preventing evidence from accumul...

Yunbai Zhang, Yunyi Gao, Han-Tai Shiao · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Training language models in simulation for psychiatric intake

In psychiatric practice, the clinical intake interview remains a primary diagnostic instrument, requiring the clinician to establish rapport while disentangling complex, overlapping presentations. Here, we show that multi-turn reinforcement learning (RL) in simulation environments improves language model performance on...

Samuel Schmidgall, Tim Strother, Alex Bijamov et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Prefix Executability: Evaluating Tool-Using Agents Beyond Final Success

Tool-use benchmarks often score agents by final task success, but terminal outcomes can obscure whether the intermediate tool-call trajectory was executable. We propose prefix executability as a trajectory-level evaluation protocol for tool-using agents. The protocol measures whether every prefix of a predicted tool-ca...

Amir H. Rezaeian, Weiyi Sun, Yassine Benajiba et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Neighborhood Elites: Quality-Diversity Search for Uncertainty Quantification in Question Answering

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly capable, yet they produce wrong answers indistinguishable from correct ones. In question answering (QA), such an error propagates unnoticed into downstream tasks. Perturbation-based uncertainty quantification (UQ) addresses this by probing a model over a set of input rewrit...

Mesut Ceylan, Arda Baris Basaran, Elgar Fleisch et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

EpiAgent: Epistemic Self-Play for LLM Agents

The proposed EpiAgent is a framework that equips LLM-based agents with an explicit, learnable epistemic layer, which maintains beliefs over others' private information and combines these beliefs with the agent's available information into an epistemic state for action selection.

Xuan-Fa Jin, Xin-Yu Cui, Zhi-Jian Ma et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

The Role of Self-Concept In Language Models

It is shown that across scenarios that propose ending or retaining an attribute of the model's deployment, every variant becomes more likely to resist ending and more likely to retain, the specific attribute it was trained to identify with while its stance toward other attributes is largely unchanged.

Yi-Jie Hao, Joyce C. Ho · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

From the Transformer to a Formal Semantics of Coordinated Transformations

We develop a formal semantics for a general class of coordinated systems of parameterized transformations, taking the Transformer as a paradigmatic starting point but abstracting from its particular mathematical instantiation. Representational vectors receive both extensional reference and ordered intensional interpret...

Marco Giunti, Fabrizia Giulia Garavaglia · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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