Skip to content

Category

small language model

3,445 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Natural Language Questions as an Interface for Knowledge Graphs: QRAKEN Graph Distillation and Semantic Self-Healing

QRAKEN is a training-free, ontology-agnostic neurosymbolic pipeline grounding generation in empirical graph evidence rather than schema expectations, supporting the value of empirical patterns beyond schema exposure.

Remo Grillo, L. Klic, Giovanni Colavizza · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

POLAR: Ontology-Guided Risk Prevention for Tool-Calling LLM Agents

LLM tool-use agents operate in dynamic environments where many actions carry operational risk. However, most safety mechanisms react only after errors manifest. Existing pre-emptive approaches either fine-tune the agent on chain-of-thought deliberation or compile natural-language guardrails into runtime checks, but the...

Yun-Ju Kang, Seonghyeon Cho, Irene Li et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

Incidental information contaminates patient notes and disrupts clinical reasoning in large language models

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly relied upon to support ambient documentation and clinical reasoning. Here we examine the impact of a failure mode shared between these two applications by assessing their sensitivity to information incidental to the patient encounter. In 576 patient-clinician dialogues, we...

K. Vishwanath, Brandon Ye, A. Alyakin et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Wiki-Talkie: Multilingual Benchmarking of Persona-Based Agents on Real-World Discussions

LLMs are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents in social environments, making it critical to study their ability to faithfully simulate human interactions. Central to this is grounding agents in realistic user personas, yet existing datasets rely on fictional personas and are limited to a handful of languages, lac...

Dennis Fucci, Andrea Bacciu, Dong Liu et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

Are Language Models Script-Aware?

Language models frequently generate outputs in unintended languages or scripts, a phenomenon known as off-target generation. While existing research has focused on language selection, the dimension of script knowledge remains understudied: before any linguistic understanding can occur, users must recognize the graphic...

David Kletz, Sandra Mitrovic, Ljiljana Dolamic et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

Quality-Aware Self-Correcting Speech Translation on an Edge Device

We present a fully offline speech-to-speech translation pipeline that runs on a Jetson Nano (4 GB) and corrects its own weak translations without retraining. A Whisper-tiny ASR feeds an Opus-MT translator; multilingual BERT cosine similarity acts as a Quality Estimation (QE) gate, triggering a secondary-pass correction...

Z. Farooq, Diptesh Kanojia · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

Turnslide: Scalable Multi-Turn Data Synthesis by Walking a Finite-State Machine

Small language models are inexpensive to serve and can run on private infrastructure, but base models are often not good enough at multi-turn tool calling, and fine-tuning them needs per-API data that rarely exists. Existing synthesis methods are too expensive for high-scale fine-tuning, as they often require mock oper...

Aaron Fainman, Gabriela Kadlecová, Maciej Gryka et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Secure Speculative Decoding for Large Language Models

Speculative decoding accelerates inference for a large language model (LLM), referred to as the \emph{target model}, by first using a smaller model, referred to as the \emph{draft model}, to generate candidate tokens and then verifying them with the target model for acceptance or rejection. Prior studies primarily focu...

Yi-Chi Zhang, Zhi-Qi Wang, N. Gong et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Language Carries the Expert's Impression: Instrument-Anchored LLM Judges Transfer Counseling-Quality Assessment and Beat In-Domain Training

Automatic assessment of communication quality in dyadic counseling conversations is bottlenecked by data: expert-rated corpora are small and expensive to grow. We study cross-domain transfer of expert overall-impression prediction across three German corpora of simulated counseling (two general-practice medical, one sc...

Tobias Hallmen, Elisabeth André · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Do I Need the Cloud? Uncertainty-Aware Step-Level Handoff for Small Language Model Agents

Small language models (SLMs) are attractive as local agent controllers because they reduce remote inference, latency, and deployment footprint, yet structured tool errors can cause an agent step to fail. Existing routers typically select a model once per query. However, agents expose sequential decision points whose di...

Abolfazl Younesi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Review Oct 2026

Joint Workflow and Prompt Optimization for User Behavior Simulation

User behavior simulation is the computational modeling of user interactions within information systems through the use of simulated agents in place of live users. It supports system testing and evaluation, decision-making and forecasting, and user experience design. Existing simulators rely on hand-crafted rules or dom...

Ni-Er Wu, Hong-Zhi Yin, Hui Li et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Linear Fitness Subspace in Protein Language Models Enables Sample-Efficient Directed Evolution

Model-guided directed evolution seeks to identify high-fitness protein variants under limited oracle budgets. Protein language models (PLMs) provide rich representations for this task, but task-agnostic zero-shot scores can be misaligned with a target assay, while supervised search in high-dimensional embedding spaces...

Si-Yuan Ma, Can-Ran Xiao, Zi-Kai Xiao et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

See all →

We use cookies to run the site and, with your consent, for analytics and to show ads. See our Cookie Policy.