A Gut-Specific Bispecific Combining MAdCAM-1 Blockade and IL-22 Signaling to Halt T-Cell Inflammation and Promote Mucosal Restoration

A small molecule inhibitor of CD28 costimulation restrains pathogenic T-cell responses in inflammatory bowel disease

Targeting IL-2 to inflamed tissues via oxidation-specific epitopes enables third-generation bispecific IL-2 therapeutics

Innate immune dysregulation in celiac disease and refractory celiac disease: mechanisms, management and emerging therapies

Celiac disease is traditionally regarded as T-cell mediated autoimmune disorder driven by gluten-specific adaptive immune responses. In this review, we synthesise recent data showing how epithelial stress, IL-15 driven innate circuits and intraepithelial lymphocyte reprogramming contribute to both classical and refract...

IL-15 Superagonists for Reprogramming the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Gastrointestinal Adenocarcinomas.

Gastrointestinal (GI) adenocarcinomas pose a significant therapeutic challenge due to highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments that limit effective antitumor immune responses. Dense stromal fibrosis, immune exclusion and poor responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors are hallmarks of treatment-resistant maligna...

CAR-T cells and CAR-Treg cells for treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are therapeutically challenging chronic inflammatory diseases of the intestine. Despite major advances in biologic and small-molecule therapies, many patients with IBD experience primary nonresponse, secondary loss of respons...

Efficacy of the Bispecific Anti-BAFF/IL-21 Antibody CZ105 Bis2 in Models of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-organ autoimmune disease. B cells play a crucial role in disease initiation and progression. Clinical trial evidence suggests that intensified B-cell depletion can improve SLE therapeutic outcomes. While efficacy and tolerability of belimumab, the first B-cell-ta...