Jul 2026· AlQalam journal of medical and applied sciences· 0 citations
Abstract
Cancer is a major global public health challenge and remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular diseases globally and ranks among the leading causes of death in developing countries. This study aimed to describe the trends and epidemiological characteristics of childhood malignancies in eastern Libya and evaluate cancer type frequency and demographic patterns at Benghazi Children's Hospital. A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using archived data from patients aged 0–16 years diagnosed with childhood cancers at Benghazi Children's Hospital between January 2018 and December 2022. Demographic data, clinical presentations, investigations, tumor types, disease stages, and patient outcomes were collected and analyzed. Among 75,015 hospital admissions, 362 (0.4%) were diagnosed with malignancy. Leukemia was the most common (37.5%), followed by brain tumors (17.4%) and lymphoma (10.4%). Male predominance was observed across all malignancies except brain tumors. The mean age was 6.05 ± 4.21 years, with 47.8% of patients under five years. Other tumors included Wilms' tumor (9.3%), neuroblastoma (6.6%), soft tissue sarcoma (4.9%), bone tumors (4.4%), retinoblastoma (4.1%), carcinoma (1.9%), and hepatoblastoma (0.5%). Common presentations included mass lesions (38.1%), pallor (34.3%), and appetite loss (26.9%). Advanced stages (III–IV) predominated, and 20.9% of patients died during treatment. Childhood cancer cases in eastern Libya increased by 38% over the five-year study period. Leukemia was the predominant malignancy, with most cases originating outside Benghazi. Late-stage presentation remains a significant challenge, highlighting the need for improved early detection and referral systems.
Light is shed on the prevalence of cancer in Somalia and the dire need for accessible and affordable oncology services in Somalia and the urgent to need to establish national or population-based cancer registries to determine cancer incidence, identify risk factors, and create national plan for cancer prevention, control, and treatment.
Lung cancer patients attending Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital predominantly presented at advanced stages, and adenocarcinoma was the leading histological subtype.
Pradip Bhandari· Journal of Nobel Medical Col...· 0 citations
BACKGROUND
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide and remains a major public health concern. As many patients are diagnosed at advanced stages, understanding its epidemiological characteristics is essential for prevention and early detection. This study investigated the epidemiological profile of GC among patients referred to a gastroenterology clinic in western Iran.
METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, we reviewed the medical records of 193 patients diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancers (GI) out of 6223 total endoscopic/colonoscopic procedures performed at the (XXX) clinic between 2009 and 2019.
RESULTS
A total of 93 patients were diagnosed with gastric cancer, accounting for 48.2 % of all identified GI cancer cases (n = 193). The mean age was 67.3 ± 12.6 years, with the highest frequency observed in the 70-79-year age group (31.2 %). Men accounted for 64.5 % of cases. Most patients lived in urban areas (86 %). The most common presenting symptoms were epigastric pain and weight loss (45.2 %), followed by loss of appetite (36.6 %) and dysphagia (21.5 %). Tumors were most frequently located in the cardia (47.3 %), followed by the body (33.3 %), antrum (11.8 %), and pylorus (7.5 %). Adenocarcinoma was the predominant histological type (92.5 %), with poorly differentiated tumors accounting for 47.2 % of cases. Regarding risk factors, 24.7 % of patients reported smoking, 14 % had a family history of gastric cancer, and 58.1 % reported no identifiable risk factors. Tumor location and histological type showed no significant association with gender.
CONCLUSION
GC was the most prevalent GI malignancy identified in this regional cohort, aligning with national and broader epidemiological trends. While changing lifestyle profiles and dietary patterns have been hypothesized to influence these shifts globally, comprehensive longitudinal studies are required to directly evaluate specific behavioral and environmental risk factors within this population.
M. Abdollahian, Mozhgan Kaviani· Cancer Treatment and Researc...· 0 citations
This study analyzed the epidemiological profile and temporal trend of hospitalizations for malignant skin neoplasms in Brazil between 2015 and 2025, based on secondary data from the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH/SUS). A total of 633,457 hospitalizations were recorded during the period, with a predominance of male sex (51.9%), self-declared White individuals (65.8%), and the age group of 60 years or older (72.3%). The Southeast and South regions concentrated the highest number of hospitalizations, while the North region presented the highest mortality rate (4.70%). A general upward trend was observed throughout the historical series, with a reduction in 2020 and a progressive recovery in subsequent years. The findings indicate a higher occurrence of hospitalizations in groups more vulnerable to cumulative ultraviolet radiation exposure and evidence regional inequalities in access to diagnosis and treatment, reinforcing the need for prevention strategies, early diagnosis, and strengthening of public health policies.
Geovanna Oliveira Martins Pinto, Matheus Oliveira Martins Pinto, Taynara dos Anjos Rodrigues et al.· O Mundo da Saúde· 0 citations
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted pediatric health. Although numerous studies in China have reviewed childhood diseases, specific patterns in certain regions still require more detailed analysis. This was a single-center retrospective study conducted at the Fifth People's Hospital of Wujiang District, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China. It aims to compare the characteristics of pediatric outpatient visits from 2016 to 2019 (pre-pandemic) and 2020 (pandemic), providing insights into how childhood disease patterns have evolved during and after the pandemic.
We conducted a retrospective analysis to collect routine administrative data on children from outpatient departments
A total of 236,977 visits in outpatient children were recorded, with the highest proportion of visits occurring in 2017 (24.5%) and the lowest in 2020 (11.3%). Changes in visit numbers were mainly associated with fluctuations in respiratory diseases (59.1%). The proportions of respiratory and infectious diseases varied across different years, with the highest proportions observed in 2019 (25.5% and 59.4%, respectively). There was a consistent higher prevalence of male children compared to their female counterparts in terms of demographic characteristics, with a ratio ranging from 1.2 to 1.3. The largest proportion of outpatient visits was observed among preschool-aged children (32.5%), followed by toddlers (26.0%) and school-age children (20.2%). Notably, the fourth quarter consistently had the highest number of visits (30.5%), while the third quarter exhibited the lowest visit numbers (20.0%). Fever (68.6%) was the most frequently reported symptom in outpatient visits with abnormal symptoms and signs.
This study highlights the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on outpatient visits among children in Wujiang District, Suhzou, revealing a downward trend in 2020 compared to previous years. Notably, respiratory diseases remained the most common reason for outpatient visits, with distinct demographic patterns observed. These findings may help inform local healthcare planning and resource allocation in similar settings.
Lei Ding, Wen-Xiu Ma, Jie Yu et al.· Frontiers in Pediatrics· 0 citations
Background Pediatric malignancies require specialized epidemiological surveillance due to their distinct developmental etiology and unique societal impact. In the context of contemporary European demographic trends, characterized by sub-replacement fertility, monitoring health outcomes in younger cohorts has become a strategic public health priority. Methods This population-based retrospective analysis evaluates the incidence and epidemiological patterns of childhood and adolescent malignancies in Poland in 2023, utilizing Polish National Cancer Registry (PNCR) data to provide an evidence base for health policy optimization. Results Among the 1,229 new cases recorded (782 in the 0–14 cohort), a bimodal age distribution peaked at 0–4 and 15–19 years. While the aggregate gender burden was balanced [Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) = 1.01], significant biological disparities occurred in specific subtypes, notably a marked female predominance in thyroid carcinoma and an extreme male predilection in Burkitt lymphoma (IRR = 10.43 in the 0–14 group). Descriptive long-term trend analysis suggests an upward trajectory in incidence, with an observed localized peak in 2021–2022. Discussion Given current demographic constraints, with Poland's fertility rate (1.2) significantly below the EU average, these malignancies represent a disproportionate loss of future human capital. Our findings underscore that pediatric oncological care is a high-efficiency investment with a substantial social return. We advocate for the establishment of a dedicated pediatric registry integrated with molecular-genetic data, which is essential for the transition toward precision oncology and the strategic allocation of resources to mitigate the long-term socio-economic impact of these malignancies on the population.
M. Irzyk, P. Filipek, U. Wojciechowska et al.· Frontiers in Public Health· 0 citations
