Re-evaluating the Digital Transformation of Local Government Institutions to Build SMART Local Governance in Bangladesh: A Study on Municipalities

Abstract

This article examines the ongoing efforts and challenges of digitising local government institutions in Bangladesh, focusing specifically on Paurashava (municipalities). This was an applied cross-sectional study that collected data from eight municipalities from four divisions of Bangladesh. Drawing on surveys of 319 personnel, key informant interviews and focus group discussions, this study explores the availability and adequacy of digital infrastructure, along with the readiness of municipal functionaries to manage emerging information and communication technologies-based services. Findings reveal that although many municipal employees possess basic digital skills and endorse the concept of e-government, substantial barriers persist. Limited budgets and outdated physical infrastructure hinder the expansion of broadband connectivity; these constraints, combined with a lack of consistent training and skill development, impede the provision of reliable digital services. Numerous localities also face bottlenecks related to data security and privacy, despite the existence of legal frameworks. The discussion underscores the need for more robust local-level policies, improved coordination between central and municipal authorities, and inclusive capacity-building initiatives aimed at bridging socio-economic and regional divides. This study directly contributes to the field of smart governance and urban digital transformation by proposing an integrated framework for enhancing the capacities of municipalities.