Parkinson's gene linked to early dysfunction in brain cells

Parkinson's-linked gene holds clues to battling deadly bacterial infections

Single‐cell atlas of neuroglial dynamics in SNCA‐A53T Parkinson's disease mouse model

This data indicates that suppression of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra results in striatal dopamine depletion and motor dysfunction in Parkinson's disease, and further studies are needed to establish a specific mechanism behind this phenomenon.

Exploring ageing as a potential new therapeutic target for schizophrenia.

Increased age-related biological changes have been causally linked to various pathologies in the brain, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. There is also evidence that schizophrenia could be included in this group of brain disorders that may actually be manifestations of a broader multisystemic premature ageing phenotype.

Genetic and environmental risk factors of Parkinsonism

Parkinsonian disorders comprise a broad spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases with a wide variety of pathogenetic processes. These processes lead to the formation of pathological proteins, resulting in the brain diseases called synucleinopathies, tauopathies or TDP-43 proteinopathies. There is currently growing support for the hypothesis that genetic variants explain a significant fraction of the etiology of apparently sporadic parkinsonian disorders. Genetic risk factors can be stratified according to the metabolic or structural processes that can lead to cellular disturbance; these processes involve protein aggregation, protein and membrane trafficking, stabilization of the neurite structure, prion-like transmission of pathological proteins, ubiquitin–proteasome system balance, mitophagy, lysosome autophagy, synaptic functions, and dopamine transmission. Regarding the environmental risk factors, there are several substances that have been supposed of being a risk for the development of neurodegenerative proteinopathy and Parkinsonism, mainly the agents used in agriculture and the textile industry. The most important and most frequently studied are pesticides and trichlorethylene. Beside the globally ubiquitous substances which are supposedly neurotoxic and exposure to which can cause manifestations of Parkinsonism, there are more geographically (regionally) specific substances, which cause (or quite recently caused) the manifestation of endemically present Parkinsonism. Among ten types of endemic Parkinsonism, three of them are thought to have an environmental cause: Western Pacific Parkinsonism, Caribbean Parkinsonism, and North France cluster of atypical Parkinsonism.

Timing the Alzheimer's disease pathological cascade.

This scientific commentary refers to ‘Modelling the temporal evolution of plasma p-tau217, amyloid PET, tau PET and cognition’ by Cogswell et al. (https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awag075).

Levels of gene-expression-regulating enzyme altered in brains of people with schizophrenia