Aug 2026· Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease· Vol 13· 0 citations· 15 references
Medicine
TL;DR
An extremely rare case of melioidosis complicated by pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade is reported, which was successfully treated with pericardiocentesis and appropriate antimicrobial therapy.
Abstract
Melioidosis is a serious infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, a bacterium endemic to tropical regions, including Taiwan. The disease can involve multiple organs; however, cardiac involvement, particularly cardiac tamponade, is rare. To date, only four cases of melioidosis presenting with cardiac tamponade have been reported in the literature. Here, we report an extremely rare case of melioidosis complicated by pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade, which was successfully treated with pericardiocentesis and appropriate antimicrobial therapy.
Melioidosis, caused by the gram-negative bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei - a Tier 1 Select Biological agent - remains a significant cause of severe community-acquired infection in tropical regions, but with recent expanding recognition in temperate climates, including the United States. Pulmonary involvement is the most frequent clinical manifestation, ranging from subclinical nodules to fulminant necrotizing pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Despite its clinical severity, melioidosis remains underdiagnosed due to its radiologic mimicry of tuberculosis, broad clinical manifestations, and limited laboratory capacity in many endemic areas. Special Operations Forces (SOF) participating in field exercises or operations in B. pseudomallei endemic countries are at significantly increased risk of infection. Accordingly, SOF medical providers should maintain a high index of suspicion for melioidosis and be familiar with its clinical recognition, diagnosis, and management.
Chase Goldberg, Akira A. Shishido· Journal of special operation...· 0 citations
A 61-year-old male farmer from Itaiçaba, Ceará, Brazil, with type 2 diabetes mellitus, who presented with prolonged fever, abdominal pain, and weight loss is reported, highlighting an atypical disseminated presentation and reinforces clinical suspicion of melioidosis in diabetic patients with visceral abscesses in endemic regions.
O. A. Barbosa, José Walter Correia, André Luiz Coutinho Araújo Macêdo et al.· Journal of Health & Biol...· 0 citations
Coccidioidomycosis is a systemic fungal infection caused by Coccidioides species which are soil-dwelling organisms endemic to the southwestern United States and Central and South America. Vertebral osteomyelitis is severe and even rarer manifestations of rare disseminated infections. We present a rare case of disseminated coccidioidomycosis with extensive retroperitoneal, paraspinal, and vertebral involvement in a young, otherwise healthy individual outside the endemic area.
M. Fátima, R. Bhatia, Mohammed A. Hafeez et al.· Spartan Medical Research Jou...· 1 citation
Unlike haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) induced by tuberculosis or rickettsial disease, there is no consensus for the treatment of HLH secondary to typhoid fever (Salmonella Typhi). After a short illustrative example, we searched among the previously described cases of HLH secondary to typhoid fever to determine: (i) Is the specific treatment of HLH mandatory; and (ii) which option to choose between corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulins in association with antibiotherapy?
S. Baumard, Aurélie Brunet, Isabelle Quatresous et al.· eJHaem· 0 citations
We report a rare case of vulval tuberculosis (TB) in a young woman who presented with painless vulval swelling with papulonodular lesions. Histopathology showed caseating granulomas with Langhans giant cells, while cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test confirmed
Mycobacterium
TB sensitive to rifampicin. Acid-fast staining and culture were negative, consistent with the paucibacillary nature of the disease. The patient responded significantly to antitubercular therapy. Vulval TB, often mimicking sexually transmitted infections or malignancy, remains rare. Early recognition with histological confirmation is crucial for effective management and prevention of disfigurement or dissemination.
A. J. Thekho, Deepika Uikey· Indian Journal of Sexually T...· 0 citations
Leptospirosis can cause myocardial involvement that mimics viral myocarditis. We herein report the case of a 77-year-old man without a history of overseas travel who presented with flu-like symptoms, elevated inflammatory marker levels, and an impaired cardiac function. As acute myocarditis was suspected, the patient was transferred to a tertiary care center, where leptospirosis was diagnosed. Antimicrobial therapy was initiated, and the patient's condition improved. Myocardial involvement associated with leptospirosis should be considered in selected patients. This case highlights the importance of assessing the cardiac function during clinical evaluation.
Hiroaki Matsuda, T. Sakamoto, Yuki Yoshioka et al.· Internal medicine· 0 citations
