A genomic framework for understanding the high glycosphingolipid-producing capacity of NKG400013 is established and insights into the evolutionary diversification of sphingolipid metabolism in green algae are provided.
Abstract
Microalgae are gaining attention as sustainable resources for the production of valuable compounds, including biofuels, pigments, and bioactive metabolites. To support metabolic engineering and genome editing approaches aimed at enhancing these traits, high-quality genome assemblies are essential; however, genomic information remains limited for many microalgal lineages. Tetraselmis sp. NKG400013 is a green alga known for high glycosphingolipid accumulation with distinctive structural features. Here, we report a draft genome assembly of this strain generated using PacBio HiFi sequencing and transcriptome-supported annotation. The assembled genome spans 423.7 Mbp, with 74.5% repetitive sequences and 15,322 predicted protein-coding genes. Comparative analyses across 11 green algal species revealed a positive correlation between genome sizes and repeat contents, indicating that transposable element expansion, particularly long terminal repeat retrotransposons, has substantially contributed to genome enlargement in Tetraselmis. Genome-wide functional annotation and ortholog inference identified core enzymes required for glycosylceramide biosynthesis. Both sphingolipid Δ4 and Δ8 desaturases were identified in Tetraselmis. and their coexistence suggests an expanded capacity for long-chain base modification that may underlie its distinctive glycosphingolipid profile. These results establish a genomic framework for understanding the high glycosphingolipid-producing capacity of NKG400013 and provide insights into the evolutionary diversification of sphingolipid metabolism in green algae.
A decoupled evolutionary strategy between upstream precursor supply and downstream diversification in triterpenoid biosynthesis in R. roxburghii is suggested, providing a valuable genomic resource and a prioritized set of candidate genes for future metabolic engineering and quality improvement of this functional fruit crop.
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The findings reveal S. rubidaea MJ24 as a metabolically versatile bacterium with a rich secondary metabolite repertoire and significant agricultural and biotechnological promise.
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These findings provide new insights into the genomic basis of ecological adaptation and metabolic diversification in Pseudoalteromonas, supporting the role of pigmentation as a proxy for enhanced biosynthetic potential, while carbohydrate utilization capabilities evolve more independently and offering a framework for targeted bioprospecting of marine-derived metabolites with industrial and environmental applications.
Jéssica Scherer, Renato Kulakowski Corá, Diego Bonatto et al.· Marine Biotechnology· 0 citations
A high-quality genome assembly and an in-depth genome analysis of V. victoriae strain D19 are presented, establishing a valuable foundation for future functional studies and providing keys for developing a new chassis for potential industrial applications.
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Marine and coastal fungi experience intense environmental variability, yet the genomic features associated with tolerance to such conditions remain unclear. From 56 fungal isolates collected along the Lailai rocky shore in northern Taiwan, we selected the coastal isolate Annulohypoxylon annulatoides RYS0019 for phenotypic and genomic investigation because of its prevalence and distinctive stress-response profile. Compared with five bark-derived conspecific strains, RYS0019 showed distinct growth and recovery dynamics under salinity, temperature, and UV-associated stress treatments. We generated a high-quality 41.8 Mbp de novo genome assembly with 11,523 predicted proteins and compared it with 15 other Hypoxylaceae genomes. Across Annulohypoxylon genomes, we identified variably sized and dispersed AT-rich isochores that are repeat-enriched and gene-poor. Despite variation in AT content, core gene content and Pfam domain profiles remained broadly conserved. Most AT-rich isochores were embedded within syntenically conserved regions and showed limited positional conservation across species, supporting recurrent, lineage-specific formation or expansion after species divergence. These regions also exhibit several sequence and structural features consistent with scaffold/matrix attachment regions (S/MARs), raising the possibility that they influence higher-order genome organisation or context-dependent regulation. Together, our findings identify repeat-rich genome architecture as a dynamic feature of Annulohypoxylon genome evolution and provide a framework for testing how such regions may contribute to fungal environmental flexibility.
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Across thousands of known millipede species, genetic data is extremely limited. Many interesting biological processes in millipedes are ill-defined, such as the production of a defensive hydrogen cyanide secretion and UV fluorescence. We describe a transcriptomic dataset of the millipede Cherokia georgiana, including predicted coding regions and functional annotations. This de novo transcriptome will facilitate future research in understanding gene expression under a variety of conditions. Next-generation sequencing was conducted on polyA-enriched mature messenger RNAs using Illumina 2 x 150 paired-end sequencing. Total number of assembled contigs was 146,956. Transcripts were compared against the NCBI non-redundant (nr) protein database using DIAMOND BLASTx to identify sequence similarity to known proteins. Transcripts with sequence similarity to genes associated with cyanogenesis, including mandelonitrile oxidase and hydroxynitrile lyase, are present in this transcriptome. The data presented here enhances existing knowledge of millipede biology and provides a valuable reference for future research in myriapod evolution and ecology.
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