Mechanisms of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract Influences Productive Performance, Immunity, Milk Composition, and Rumen Microbiota in Ruminants: A Review
Abstract
Simple Summary Moringa oleifera is a very fast growing tree with leaves rich in beneficial natural compounds. A simple extract from these leaves when added to the feed of cattle, goats and sheep provides several benefits. The animals gain weight and utilize feed better, and the dairy cows yield higher milk production with higher fat and protein levels, and fewer incidences of udder infection. Importantly, this natural supplement enhances the immune system of the animals so that they can remain healthier and with fewer medical treatments. The nutrient extract in the animals’ specially designed stomach (rumen) helps to restore a healthy balance of “good” microbes which ensure the breakdown of plant fiber, giving improved digestion and maintaining a balanced rumen environment. Concurrently, it lowers the amount of microbes producing methane—a powerful greenhouse gas that is linked to climate change. Overall, Moringa leaf extract is a promising and sustainable natural solution for modern agriculture, offering a potential approach for improving the growth, quality of milk, health of animals, and reducing harmful emissions from livestock.