ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, HUMAN RESOURCE CAPABILITY AND SUPPLY CHAIN AGILITY FOR RICE SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCE

Abstract

In the face of rapid digital transformation and increasing supply chain disruptions, strengthening the resilience of rice supply chains has become a strategic priority. This study examines the roles of Human Resource (HR) capabilities and Artificial Intelligence (AI) adoption in enhancing Supply Chain Resilience (SCR), with Supply Chain Agility (SCA) serving as a mediating capability. Survey data were collected from 210 Logistics Service Providers (LSPs) operating within Indonesia’s rice supply chain and analyzed using a quantitative approach. The results show that both HR capabilities and AI adoption have positive effects on SCA, which, in turn, significantly enhances SCR. Furthermore, SCA significantly mediates the relationships between HR capability and SCR as well as between AI adoption and SCR. These findings demonstrate that human and digital resources strengthen supply chain resilience through the development of agile capabilities that enable greater responsiveness, adaptability, and operational continuity. In the context of rice logistics, such capabilities enable organizations to respond more effectively to seasonal harvest fluctuations, distribution variability, and environmental uncertainties. This study extends the applicability of the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Dynamic Capabilities Theory (DCT) to the context of rice supply chain logistics and demonstrates how organizational resources can be transformed into resilience through supply chain agility. The findings also underscore the strategic importance of workforce capability development and AI-enabled digital transformation in building more agile and resilient rice supply chains.  Keywords: rice supply chain; supply chain resilience; HR capability; artificial intelligence; supply chain agility