Anti-cancer Properties of Wogonoside on Oral Cancer Cells: An In Vitro Approach

Abstract

Cancer is currently regarded as one of the leading causes of high rates of death and morbidity worldwide. One of the main causes of mortality globally is still oral cancer, which is more common in underdeveloped nations where tobacco and betel nut chewing are common. Treatment plans frequently include surgery, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, hormone therapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, a popular anti-inflammatory plant in China, yields wogonoside (WOG), a bioactive flavonoid. Numerous recent studies have demonstrated WOG’s anti-cancer effectiveness in a variety of cancer models, such as those of osteosarcoma, leukaemia and breast cancer. WOG’s impact on oral cancer (KB) cell survival, lactate dehydrogenase activity as an indicator of cellular damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation assessed using dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate staining and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) assessed using Rh-123 staining is being examined in this study. Cell survival and the amount of MMP were decreased by dose-based WOG treatment. In the cell lines treated with WOG, the proportion of apoptotic cells was greater than that of healthy cells. Oxidative stress brought on by elevated ROS levels causes apoptosis. This discovery implies that WOG has anti-tumour action and can be employed as a strong chemotherapeutic drug.