Elementos para una filosofía política de la cooperación

Abstract

In the face of the major human challenges of our time—climate change, violence, extreme poverty, inequality, and a shared global crisis—it is necessary to reassess the political, ethical, and epistemic virtues of cooperation. The aim of this article is to explore the foundations in political philosophy that underpin human cooperation beyond instrumental or strategic explanations. Drawing on a theoretical deduction derived from a review of philosophical and social-theoretical works, it argues that cooperation has epistemic foundations linked to Enrique Dussel’s analogical and anthropological philosophy, Thomas Nagel’s account of the possibility of altruism, Herbert Simon’s bounded rationality, and Bart Nooteboom’s methodological interactionism, particularly through the notions of cognitive distance, dialogue, and learning through interaction. It further argues that scientific and philosophical knowledge performs a transformative and pedagogical function oriented toward the common good. Finally, the analectical method, as a concrete expression of Latin American philosophy of liberation, makes it possible to critically understand international relations from the perspectives of exteriority and alterity, as well as through a critique of Eurocentrism, thereby opening the possibility of a pluriversal, transmodern, and collaborative world.