Muhammadiyah has long stood as one of the most influential Islamic organizations in Indonesia. Since its founding in 1912, the organization has built a strong ideological identity one that finds its operational expression in five guiding principles collectively known as the 5 Khittah. These principles emerged from successive national congresses held in Palembang (1956), Ponorogo (1969), Ujung Pandang (1971), Surabaya (1978), and Denpasar (2002). This paper examines how Muhammadiyah's ideology functions in practice through the implementation of the 5 Khittah, particularly amid the challenges of contemporary life. Drawing on a qualitative library research method, the study engages with official organizational documents, academic literature, and relevant scientific articles. The findings suggest that Muhammadiyah's ideology, rooted in the Qur'an and Sunnah, manifests through a tajdid spirit that balances purification with progress. Rather than remaining mere declarations, the five khittah serve as living guidelines that drive concrete social programs in education, health, and community welfare. At the same time, the pull of partisan politics, the pressures of globalization, and the weakening of ideological understanding among younger members present challenges that cannot be overlooked. Strengthening cadre formation, harnessing digital media for outreach, and embedding khittah values more deeply into organizational culture are essential for Muhammadiyah to remain steadfast in its mission.
This study examines Muhammadiyah’s Manhaj Tarjih as a methodological framework for reconstructing Islamic legal reasoning in Indonesia. The study aims to analyze its foundational perspective, legal sources, epistemological approaches, technical procedures, and institutional transformation in producing religious rulings. This study uses qualitative library research with descriptive-analytical methods. The data were collected from official Muhammadiyah documents, academic books, journal articles, theses, and relevant institutional publications. The findings show that Manhaj Tarjih places the Qur’an and al-Sunnah al-Maqbulah as the main normative sources, while ijma’, qiyas, maqashid al-shari‘ah, maslahah, opinions of jurists, and empirical realities function as supporting methodological instruments. Legal rulings are formulated through collective ijtihad that integrates bayani, burhani, and irfani approaches. This collective mechanism produces legal reasoning that is hierarchical, argumentative, integrative, and adaptive to social change. The novelty of this study lies in its integrated reading of Manhaj Tarjih as a theoretical and operational framework that connects tajdid, Islam Berkemajuan, legal sources, epistemology, and collective ijtihad. Thus, Manhaj Tarjih represents a modern model of Islamic legal reasoning that balances text, reason, spirituality, and public benefit. This model remains relevant for contemporary Islamic legal thought and Islamic education
Rahmatul Husniah, Putri Desi Natalia, Siti Asisah et al.· Jurnal Penelitian dan Evalua...· 0 citations
In studies of contemporary Indonesian literature, Eka Kurniawan's novel Anjing Mengeong Kucing Menggonggong has primarily been examined through the lenses of internal conflict and power relations. However, few studies have positioned narrative strategy as the primary medium through which the negotiation of religious identity is represented. This study aims to examine how religious identity is represented in the novel and how narrative strategies are employed to portray resistance as part of the ongoing negotiation of identity. The analysis draws on Genette's narratology, focusing on order, duration, frequency, focalization, and is supported by Hall's theory of identity, Bell's theory of ritual, and Scott's concept of resistance. The findings show that religious practices such as prayer, Qur'an recitation, fasting, and circumcision are understood not only as acts of worship but also as practices that shape the characters' everyday lives. This subversive tendency is already suggested in the title (Dogs Bark, Cats Meow), which reverses what is commonly perceived as natural, creating space to question identities and norms that have long been accepted as fixed. The study also finds that narrative strategies play a significant role in constructing this representation through the use of temporal structure, focalization, and voice, allowing religiosity to be understood as a plural and evolving experience rather than a singular one. In the novel, resistance is not presented simply as a rejection of religious identity but as a way for the characters to reinterpret, negotiate, and reshape their religious identities through everyday experiences. Thus, the novel portrays religiosity as a dynamic space of identity negotiation that continues to evolve through the characters' lived experiences, social relationships, and personal choices.
Dewi Lenggani Prima Rini, M. Adji, M. I. Hidayatullah· Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra· 0 citations
Changes in social structure, rising economic participation of women, and the growing intellectual capacity of wives have produced the phenomena of wives' role dominance and husbands' domestification, reviving debates over the position of qiwamah in Islamic family law. This study analyzes the construction of qiwamah across the Hanafi, Maliki, Syafi'i, and Hanbali schools, examines the normative status of wives' role dominance and husbands' domestification, and explores whether fadl and financial maintenance function as the illah or merely the hikmah of qiwamah, along with their implications for contemporary Muslim family leadership. This qualitative library research uses a normative approach, drawing on classical fiqh texts across the four madhhabs, Qur'anic exegesis, scientific journals, and official statistical reports, analyzed through comparative, ushul fiqh, and socio-normative approaches. The findings show that all four madhhabs converge on understanding qiwamah as a mandate of leadership oriented toward responsibility, protection, and family welfare rather than male superiority, so a wife's economic dominance or intellectual superiority and a husband's greater domestic involvement do not automatically transfer qiwamah to the wife. Ushul fiqh analysis further shows that fadl and financial maintenance do not meet the criteria of a clear, fixed, and measurable illah, and are more appropriately positioned as the hikmah of qiwamah. This study concludes that changes in household role distribution affect only the implementation of rights and obligations, not the structure of family leadership, so the reconstruction of qiwamah should strengthen deliberation, cooperation, mutual good treatment, and shared responsibility in line with Islamic legal principles.
This study examines the construction of Muhammadiyah ideology through an integrative philosophical analysis of its five constitutive pillars: the theological-philosophical foundations, the Muqaddimah of the Articles of Association (AD/ART), the seven philosophies (Tujuh Falsafah) of KH Ahmad Dahlan, the seventeen Quranic verse clusters (Tujuh Belas Kelompok Ayat), and the Personality of Muhammadiyah (Kepribadian Muhammadiyah). Employing a qualitative library-research approach grounded in philosophical hermeneutics, this study analyses official Muhammadiyah documents and contemporary scholarly literature. The findings demonstrate that Muhammadiyah ideology is structured along three interlocking axes: an ontological axis anchored in tawhid, a normative axis articulated in the Muqaddimah and AD/ART, and an axiological axis crystallised in the philosophies, verse clusters, and Personality. The seventeen verse clusters function as the spiritual-pedagogical core of the system, while the Personality operationalises these values into a corporate ethos of progressive Islam (Islam berkemajuan). This study contributes to the philosophy of Islamic education by offering a coherent framework for cadre formation that resists the ideological fragmentation and moral relativism of the digital era.
Fiki Sanjaya, Muhammad Ilmiawan, Azzam Taufiqy et al.· Jurnal Penelitian dan Evalua...· 0 citations
Purpose - This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the socialization program of the Unified Global Hijri Calendar (Kalender Hijriah Global Tunggal/KHGT) organized by the Council of Tarjih and Tajdid of the Muhammadiyah Regional Leadership of East Java. The program was designed to improve participants’ understanding of the conceptual, theological, and astronomical foundations of KHGT as preparation for its official implementation.
Design/Methodology/Approach - This community service study employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design. The socialization activities were conducted in three strategic locations, namely the Muhammadiyah Regional Leadership of Madiun (17 November 2024), Kediri (30 November 2024), and Jember (7 December 2024). A total of 64 participants consisting of Muhammadiyah regional leaders and tarjih cadres were involved. Statistical analysis was performed to assess changes in participants’ understanding across ten key indicators covering the historical development of the global Hijri calendar, theological principles, and astronomical criteria.
Findings – The results demonstrate a statistically significant improvement in participants’ understanding after the socialization program in all three locations. The most substantial improvement occurred in participants’ comprehension of the astronomical visibility criteria, particularly the minimum lunar altitude of 5° and elongation of 8°, as well as the theological principle of ittihād al-maṭāli’. These findings indicate that the socialization program effectively transformed participants’ perspectives from a locally oriented Hijri calendar to a unified global calendar framework. The program also strengthened participants’ readiness to support the implementation of KHGT beginning on 1 Muharram 1447 AH.
Originality/Value - This study provides empirical evidence regarding the effectiveness of structured KHGT socialization through a quantitative pre-test and post-test evaluation. It contributes to the literature on Islamic astronomy education and community engagement by demonstrating that systematic educational interventions can significantly improve conceptual understanding and institutional readiness for the implementation of a unified global Hijri calendar.
Adi Damanhuri, Novi Fitia Maliha, Akhmad Mukarram· Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat...· 0 citations
The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) in education presents challenges for Islamic education within local cultural contexts, particularly regarding how data-driven technologies can be adopted without diminishing the moral values and local epistemic structures that support the social legitimacy of Islamic education. This conceptual paper examines this issue through the context of Madura, an Indonesian island society whose Islamic education system is closely connected to local wisdom through pesantren traditions, the epistemic authority of kyai, communal practices such as kompolan, and moral values expressed in bâburughân beccè'. Through a qualitative synthesis of recent studies on Madurese local wisdom and AI integration in Islamic education, this paper develops a conceptual framework that views AI and local wisdom as a negotiation space. Three key aspects require careful management: knowledge authority, character development and moderation, and access and equity. The paper argues that future-oriented Islamic education in Madura should implement a value-based AI adoption model with teachers acting as mediators, ensuring that technology strengthens rather than replaces the relational and communal dimensions of pesantren pedagogy.
Achmad Muchlis, Mohammad Akhwan Muchlis, Mohammad Muchlis Solichin et al.· Karakter : Jurnal Riset Ilmu...· 0 citations
