SolaraNet: An IoT-Driven LoRaWAN Monitoring for Urban Sustainable Energy Applications
Abstract
The growing deployment of photovoltaic (PV) systems in urban environments requires reliable monitoring to support efficient operation, maintenance, and sustainable energy use. This paper presents SolaraNet, an IoT-driven monitoring system for PV panels based on LoRaWAN communication, MQTT, and HTTP POST integration. The proposed platform acquires DC and AC electrical parameters from a PV station and transmits the data through a low-power wide-area network to a server for real-time storage and visualization. The system was implemented and evaluated in a dense urban area with multi-story buildings, where communication performance and hardware accuracy were assessed under practical operating conditions. The results show that the monitoring error remains below 0.1, while data transmission latency is consistently below one second in normal conditions, demonstrating stable performance for continuous PV supervision. In addition, the LoRaWAN link maintains communication over a complex urban environment with an observed RSSI range of -110 dBm to -120 dBm across distances up to 364.2 m. These findings indicate that SolaraNet is a practical and scalable solution for remote PV monitoring in smart and sustainable energy infrastructure.