TL;DR
The findings suggest that nanofiber wound dressings formulated with nanoscale materials represent a promising and effective alternative to conventional wound dressings, particularly for the therapeutic management of injuries associated with chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear(CBRN) incidents.
Findings demonstrate that Aloe vera-mediated AgNPs can impart antibacterial functionality to electrospun PVA wound dressings, and careful optimization of the AgNPs concentration is essential to achieve an appropriate balance among antibacterial performance, cytocompatibility, and mechanical properties.
To address the limitations of conventional wound dressings in the management of bacteria-infected cutaneous wounds, including uncontrolled drug release, insufficient antibacterial activity, and limited wound repair efficacy, a nanoscale bacterial cellulose (BC)-based magnetoresponsive composite dressing was developed in this study. This material was designed for local antibacterial therapy and repair of infected skin wounds, particularly in wound care scenarios requiring externally regulated drug release and sustained tissue regeneration. Using an in situ coprecipitation strategy, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were incorporated into the three-dimensional nanofibrous network of BC to fabricate a BC/Fe3O4 magnetoresponsive nanocomposite film, which was further loaded with quercetin (Que) to obtain a multifunctional smart wound dressing. The nanoscale morphology, structural characteristics, and physicochemical properties of the composite dressing were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), mechanical testing, and magnetic analyses. Its application potential in infected wound management was evaluated through in vitro drug release assays, antibacterial tests against common wound pathogens, and an infected mouse wound model. The results showed that Fe3O4 nanoparticles were successfully distributed within the interconnected BC nanofiber network, forming a magnetically responsive nanocomposite architecture. Under an external magnetic field, the dressing enabled enhanced Que release, indicating its potential for magnetic-field-regulated local drug delivery. The Que-loaded nanocomposite dressing exhibited favorable antibacterial activity against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In vivo experiments further demonstrated that the dressing showed good biocompatibility and effectively promoted infected wound closure. Under magnetic field stimulation, the wound healing rate exceeded 98%. Overall, this BC/Fe3O4-Que nanocomposite dressing integrates nanoscale structural advantages, magnetic-field-regulated drug release, antibacterial activity, and wound-healing promotion, making it particularly suitable for the local treatment of bacteria-infected cutaneous wounds.
The synergistic bioactive effects of CH and GO, along with the ECM-mimicking nanofibrous architecture of the electrospun dressing, demonstrate its potential as a promising candidate for the treatment of chronic wounds.
Nanofibers have the potential to improve wound healing by promoting tissue regeneration, moisture retention, and the transport of active agents. Here, we prepared the jelly fig polysaccharide (JFP)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based bromelain (Bro)-incorporated electrospun nanofibers for cutaneous wound healing applications. The physicochemical properties of the JFP/PVA and JFP/PVA/Bro nanofibers were thoroughly characterized. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the spectral characteristic peaks of the components. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that 1% (w/v) JFP and 10% (w/v) PVA solution with and without 1% (w/v) Bro produced uniform, nonbeaded nanofibers with average fiber diameters of 144 ± 19 and 138 ± 28 nm, respectively. JFP/PVA/Bro nanofibers showed 2-fold increased antioxidant activity and significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (P < 0.01) and Staphylococcus aureus (P < 0.001). In addition, these nanofibers were biodegradable, and JFP/PVA/Bro nanofibers showed short-term controlled release of Bro. In vitro cell culture analyses confirmed that both JFP/PVA and JFP/PVA/Bro nanofibers exhibited excellent biocompatibility. The addition of Bro improved fibroblast (L929) cell viability and migration compared to the control. The in vivo wound healing study confirmed the efficacy of these nanofibers in full-thickness cutaneous wound healing. The JFP/PVA/Bro treatment improved vascularization, collagen synthesis, and wound closure rate significantly. The study also demonstrated that JFP/PVA/Bro nanofiber treatment resulted in a reduced epithelialization time (17 ± 1 days) compared to JFP/PVA (19 ± 2 days) and control (23 ± 1.5 days). These results show that JFP/PVA/Bro nanofiber dressings can successfully treat acute wounds.
Introduction: Chronic wounds are a major global health concern because their slow healing increases the risk of infection. Conventional dressings often fail to provide both effective antibacterial protection and optimal moisture control. Electrospun nanofibre membranes, with porous structures that resemble the extracellular matrix, offer a promising alternative. Curcuma xanthorrhiza, a traditional Southeast Asian rhizome, is rich in bioactive compounds such as curcumin and xanthorrhizol, which are known for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. Methods: In this study, coaxial electrospinning was used to create core–shell nanofibre membranes, featuring polycaprolactone as the core and a gelatine/chitosan blend as the shell. Curcuma extract was incorporated at 1% (w/w) into the core. The resulting fibres were examined for their morphology, chemical composition, and thermal stability using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Antibacterial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using the disc diffusion method. Results and Discussion: Nanofibres loaded with Curcuma extract were smooth, continuous, and nanoscale in diameter, while fibres without extract were thicker due to a higher polymer concentration. The average fibre diameter ranged from 120.3 to 284.2 nm. Chemical analysis confirmed successful incorporation of the extract, with characteristic functional groups preserved and clear interactions between the polymers and bioactive compounds. Thermal analysis showed the fibres were stable up to 300°C. Antibacterial testing of C. xanthorrhiza-loaded nanofibres demonstrated no activity against S. aureus (0 mm) and E. coli (0 mm). Conclusion: In this study, C. xanthorrhiza-loaded nanofibres exhibit promising physical and chemical properties in their formulation. While the antibacterial activity was limited at the current tested concentration, it is suggested that the loading capacity of the extract be increased.
