Pengaruh Return On Assets (ROA), Ukuran dan Umur Perusahaan terhadap Pengungkapan Akuntansi Sumber Daya Manusia di Perusahaan Farmasi Periode 2022-2025

Abstract

Companies in Indonesia are not required by law to report on human resource accounting, so the amount of information each company chooses to share still varies widely. This study examines whether Return On Assets (ROA), company size, and company age explain the level of human resource accounting (HRA) disclosure among pharmaceutical firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2022 to 2025. Secondary data from 9 companies across four years, giving 36 firm-year observations, were collected through purposive sampling. Disclosure level was scored using a 16-item content analysis checklist and tested with multiple linear regression in IBM SPSS Statistics 24, after the data passed the classical assumption tests. The regression results show that ROA has a significant negative relationship with HRA disclosure, meaning firms that earn higher profit tend to disclose less about their human resources, a pattern that fits signalling theory. Company size and company age, on the other hand, do not show a significant relationship. Together, the three variables only account for 28.7 percent of the variation in disclosure, so a large portion is still explained by factors outside the model, such as leverage or corporate governance.