Anti-Drone Systems for Aviation Security in the Colombian Civil Aviation Ecosystem

Abstract

In the era of the fourth industrial revolution, the widespread adoption of emerging technologies across industries and society has fostered innovation in multiple processes. However, the misuse of certain technologies, particularly unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), has generated new risks and threats for different sectors due to limited governmental oversight and operational control. These risks may negatively affect society, industries, civil aviation, institutional stability, and ultimately the State itself. Within the Colombian aviation ecosystem, this study analyzes the impact of drones on comprehensive airport security, focusing on potential scenarios that threaten physical security and operational safety through the malicious use of advanced technologies, in some cases supported by artificial intelligence (AI). Using a preliminary interpretive approach, the research aims to examine the relevance of anti-drone technologies in Colombia from both aviation safety and security perspectives, contributing to the strengthening of these essential pillars for global air transport operations. Finally, by contextualizing the problem, this study contributes to the body of knowledge on anti-drone systems, their necessity, applications, and regulatory frameworks, drawing on national and international research experiences to assess operational contexts, determine their strategic importance, and highlight some of their advantages.