A comparative study of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and open thoracotomy in the surgical management of thoracic empyema
TL;DR
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is a safe and effective surgical approach that offers clear advantages over open thoracotomy in the management of thoracic empyema, supporting its use as the preferred initial surgical modality in appropriately selected patients.
Abstract
Background: Thoracic empyema represents a challenging clinical condition, particularly in advanced stages requiring surgical intervention. While open thoracotomy has traditionally been the standard approach, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative with potential benefits. To compare postoperative outcomes, safety, and cosmetic results between VATS and open thoracotomy in patients undergoing surgical management for thoracic empyema. Methods: This comparative study included 50 patients diagnosed with advanced thoracic empyema who underwent surgical management. Patients were equally divided into two groups: VATS (n=25) and open thoracotomy (n=25). Demographic characteristics, postoperative pain scores, duration of hospital stay, cosmetic outcomes, and postoperative complications were assessed and compared. Results: Both groups were demographically comparable. Patients in the VATS group experienced significantly lower postoperative pain, shorter hospital stay, fewer postoperative complications, and superior cosmetic outcomes compared to those undergoing open thoracotomy. The overall safety profile of VATS was favorable, with no increase in perioperative risk. Conclusion: VATS is a safe and effective surgical approach that offers clear advantages over open thoracotomy in the management of thoracic empyema, supporting its use as the preferred initial surgical modality in appropriately selected patients.