The Mediating Influence of Work Environment on the Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance in Government Hospitals
Abstract
This study examined the mediating role of the work environment on the relationship between job satisfaction and employee performance among healthcare workers in government hospitals in Davao Oriental. Anchored in Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, Person-Environment Fit Theory, Social Exchange Theory, and the Job Demands-Resources Model, the study employed a descriptive-correlational design with mediation analysis. Using stratified random sampling, 350 healthcare workers from three government hospitals participated. Data were collected through a standardized questionnaire measuring job satisfaction, work environment, and employee performance, with reliability coefficients ranging from α = .873 to .968. Regression procedures and the Sobel test were used for analysis. Results showed very high job satisfaction (M = 4.282, SD = 0.444), a very favorable work environment (M = 4.326, SD = 0.430), and high employee performance (M = 4.056, SD = 0.499). Job satisfaction was significantly associated with employee performance (r = 0.492, p < .001) and work environment (r = 0.880, p < .001), while work environment was significantly associated with employee performance (r = 0.382, p < .001). The work environment partially mediated the relationship between job satisfaction and employee performance, with a significant negative indirect effect (z = -2.75, p < .001). The study recommends sustaining supportive leadership, communication, employee participation, workplace safety, professional development, and positive workplace relationships while strengthening reward and recognition programs. The study aligns with SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being), SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), and SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions). Its findings contribute to public health, socio-economic, community, and institutional sustainability by supporting employee well-being, organizational effectiveness, and sustainable public healthcare delivery.