DEVELOPMENT OF CONCRETE PICTORIAL ABSTRACT TEACHING MATERIALS FOR ONE VARIABLE LINEAR EQUATION MISCONCEPTIONS

Abstract

Misconceptions in solving one-variable linear equations often arise because students tend to memorize procedural rules such as moving terms across equations without understanding the underlying concept of equivalence. This study aims to develop Concrete Pictorial Abstract (CPA)-based teaching materials for one-variable linear equation material for grade VII junior high school students that are valid, practical, and effective in minimizing these misconceptions. The research employed a 4D development model consisting of the stages of define, design, develop, and disseminate. The test subjects involved 35 grade VII students and mathematics teachers at SMP Negeri 2 Sukodono. Data were collected using field notes, expert validation sheets, and practicality questionnaires. The results showed that the developed teaching materials obtained validation scores of 4.67 from learning design experts, 4.75 from media experts, and 4.92 from mathematics material experts, indicating that the teaching materials are categorized as very valid. The practicality evaluation obtained from the assessment of the three experts resulted in an average score of 95.49, categorized as usable without revision. The effectiveness test showed classical learning completeness of 91.43%, indicating that the teaching materials effectively support learning objectives. These findings suggest that CPA-based teaching materials can serve as an alternative solution to minimize misconceptions related to procedural manipulation in solving one-variable linear equations.