Breaking Down the Throw: Multi-joint Coordination in Axe Throwing

Abstract

Introduction: Although timbersports are increasing in popularity, much is unknown about the optimal technique to improve accuracy and performance of these sports. The purpose of this study was to investigate biomechanical strategies used in an axe throwing task. Methods: Participants were recruited from a college timbersports team. Inertial measurement sensors placed on the upper body were used to measure joint angles during three trials of axe throwing. Functional range of motion and release angle in the sagittal plane were computed from the shoulder, elbow, wrist and trunk and compared to the axe’s distance to center, position on the target and handle position. Results: Shoulder functional range of motion was significantly correlated with distance to center (r = .85, p = .004). and significantly predicted distance to center.  Males released the axe with a more extended elbow (Mean = 14.1° + 8.1) than females (M = 31.5° + 9.9). However, this difference may be related to height differences rather than sex differences. Height of the thrower had a significant impact on the correlation of elbow and wrist movement to throwing outcomes. Conclusions: Shoulder functional range of motion is a significant predictor of axe throwing accuracy. The height of the thrower should be considered when coaching axe throwers on appropriate strategies to improve axe throwing performance.