Dermoscopic features of basal cell carcinoma in patients with xeroderma pigmentosum
TL;DR
The regular full-body skin examinations, whole-body photographs, and dermoscopic monitoring performed at three-month intervals in XP patients are crucial for detecting skin malignancies at an early stage and preventing unnecessary excisions in these patients.
Abstract
Background: The purpose of our study is to show the interest of dermoscopy in the detection of skin cancers, specifically infracentimetric basal cell carcinomas in patients with Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP). Material and methods: To achieve this subject, we have realized a cross-sectional study of eight patients with XP followed up between 2021 and 2025. In all cases, a clinical and dermoscopic examination was performed during a routine dermatological consultation. Results: These were eight patients with XP, with an average age of 16 years within an age range of 8 years old-25 years old. 208 suspect lesions were collected, including 103 Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC). For the other suspicious lesions, we identified SCC (1%), seborrheic keratosis (5.7%), solar lentigo (11.5%), actinic keratosis (2.4%), nevi (4.8%), pyogenic granulomas (2%) and warts (5.3%). No cases of melanoma were found in our series. Conclusions: The regular full-body skin examinations, whole-body photographs, and dermoscopic monitoring performed at three-month intervals in XP patients are crucial for detecting skin malignancies at an early stage and preventing unnecessary excisions in these patients.