Research on the Current Status, Application Bottlenecks, and Integrated Development Pathways of Core Technologies in New Energy

Abstract

In the context of global climate change, achieving a carbon peak and carbon neutrality has become a global consensus. The transition to clean and low-carbon energy is an extremely urgent matter. This article systematically compares the core differences between new energy sources and traditional fossil energy, analyzes the current technological development and application bottlenecks of solar energy, wind energy, and hydropower. It also explored the future innovation directions of new energy technologies as well as the development potential of the integration of transportation and energy, and explained the cost evolution characteristics and mitigation paths during the transition to a new power system. The research results indicate that, due to their renewable and low-emission characteristics, new energy sources are the core force for achieving the “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” goals. The related technologies and the integration of transportation and energy provide multiple paths for the energy transition. China has obvious advantages in areas such as hydropower and new energy equipment manufacturing, and its transportation infrastructure has huge potential for generating clean energy. This research provides a theoretical basis for the innovation of new energy technologies and the upgrading of industries.